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Estados Unidos: quién es Peter Navarro, el «zar de los aranceles» que inspiró a Donald Trump y que Elon Musk llamó imbécil

Donald Trump ha decidido convertir a Peter Navarro en su «zar de los aranceles» para su segundo mandato, pero el economista de 75 años, educado en Harvard, está en la galaxia Trump desde hace varios años. Durante su primera campaña presidencial, el multimillonario le pidió a su yerno, Jared Kushner, que le encontrara un consejo económico que estuviera en línea con sus posiciones sobre China.
Se dice que el esposo de Ivanka Trump puso en contacto a Peter Navarro con su suegro después de encontrarse con su libro Death by China (muerte por China), un libro publicado en 2011 en el que el economista desarrolla su obsesión con China y los riesgos económicos que supondría para Estados Unidos.
Desde principios de la década de 2000, Navarro está convencido de que Beijing está distorsionando las reglas del libre comercio y empobreciendo a Estados Unidos, lo que a su juicio justifica la necesidad de una política comercial agresiva ante la competencia china y el déficit comercial de Estados Unidos, y que un reequilibrio requiere medidas proteccionistas.
Durante el primer mandato de Donald Trump, fue nombrado «director de Comercio y Política Industrial» para encabezar un «Consejo Nacional de Comercio». Sin embargo, su influencia fue relativamente limitada, aunque en 2019, según información del New York Times, comenzó a circular una nota en Washington a favor de un aumento de los aranceles aduaneros contra China, mientras los dos países se encontraban entonces en medio de negociaciones comerciales.
Peter Navarro era entonces un fiel partidario de Donald Trump. Tanto es así, que cumplirá cuatro meses de prisión como muestra de su inquebrantable lealtad al presidente estadounidense. Convocado para comparecer ante el Congreso en 2021 en el marco de la investigación sobre el asalto al Capitolio, se negó a comparecer, lo que le valió una condena de cuatro meses de prisión por «desacato al Congreso«. El economista cumplió su condena y fue liberado en julio de 2024, en medio de la Convención Republicana, momento en que Donald Trump fue nominado oficialmente como candidato.
Sin duda, el multimillonario apreció especialmente la abnegación de su asesor al defender con uñas y dientes que fue el fraude electoral lo que privó a Donald Trump de un segundo mandato contra Joe Biden en 2020. La lealtad del economista fue recompensada a su valor justo cuando Peter Navarro fue reelegido como asesor de comercio e industria cuando Trump regresó al Despacho Oval en enero de 2025.
Hijo de un músico, de origen modesto y criado por su madre en Florida, Peter Navarro comenzó su carrera bajo los colores demócratas. Incluso se postuló sin éxito para alcalde de San Diego bajo su bandera en 1992, antes de fracasar en su intento de ser elegido cuatro veces más para varios cargos públicos en la ciudad californiana. Neoliberal convencido, ha defendido durante mucho tiempo el libre comercio y la globalización frente a sus estudiantes e incluso fue un activista ambiental durante las épocas de Reagan y Clinton.
Pero solo los tontos no cambian de opinión, por lo que el «zar de los aranceles» es ahora el cerebro detrás de la guerra comercial, que ya no se limita a China, sino que ha tomado un giro global. El hombre al que Donald Trump no duda en llamar «My Pete», convenció al presidente para llevar a cabo la política económica de aranceles que defiende en Death by China, el libro que le permitió acercarse al multimillonario 10 años antes.
Sin embargo, el libro ha estado bajo fuego en los últimos días desde que el canal cercano a los demócratas MSNBC diseccionó los orígenes del plan económico de Donald Trump en un programa. En este fragmento que se ha vuelto viral, la periodista Rachel Maddow explica que, en Death by China, pero también en otros libros, Peter Navarro se apoya regularmente en el trabajo de un tal Ron Vara para justificar sus tesis antichinas. Después de comprobarlo, resulta que este Ron Vara no existe, sino que en realidad es el anagrama de Navarro. Un seudónimo que el propio interesado acabó admitiendo haber inventado para utilizarlo como un «artilugio fantasioso».
Una confesión preocupante para muchos observadores que ahora se preguntan si toda esta política económica no se basa en la palabrería. Los primeros puntos de fricción han aparecido con Elon Musk en los últimos días. El hombre más rico del mundo ha criticado públicamente la política comercial de Estados Unidos y ha atacado directamente a Peter Navarro.
«Un doctorado en economía de Harvard es algo malo, no es algo bueno. Esto da como resultado el problema del ego/cerebro >>1», escribió Musk en un tuit el fin de semana pasado, que desde entonces ha eliminado. Navarro no tardó en responder a este ataque en el canal CNBC, argumentando que Musk no era «un fabricante de autos» sino «sólo un ensamblador». Por lo que Musk contestó este martes que Peter Navarro es «imbécil» y «tonto de remate».
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US-Mexico Tijuana River sewage crisis deal is ‘massive’ win for Americans, EPA says

EPA, Mexico meet over Tijuana sewage crisis
EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin joins ‘Fox News Live’ to discuss rolling back Biden-era environmental policies, the U.S.-Mexico sewage crisis in Tijuana, and his recent meeting with an Israeli diplomat killed just weeks later.
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A new deal between the United States and Mexico aimed at resolving the Tijuana River sewage crisis is «massive» win for Americans living in the San Diego area, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lee Zeldin announced this week.
The memorandum of understanding was signed Thursday as the EPA said «For many decades, untreated raw sewage has flowed into Southern California from Mexico, polluting the Tijuana River Valley, closing beaches, fouling the air, harming the region’s economy, and sickening people on both sides of the border.»
«The Trump Administration is proud to deliver this massive environmental and national security win for Americans in the San Diego area who have been living with this disgusting raw sewage flowing into their communities for far too long,» Zeldin said in a statement.
The EPA said the deal meets multiple «top Trump Administration priorities and milestones critical to ensuring a 100% solution to this issue» — including expediting already-existing critical infrastructure projects.
LIV GOLF STAR PHIL MICKELSON ADDS HIS REACTION TO DEEPENING SEWAGE CRISIS IN SAN DIEGO
A sign reads «Stop The Stink» near the Tijuana River Valley area by Border Field State Park along the U.S.-Mexico border between San Diego and Tijuana in San Diego County, Calif., on April 23, 2025. In recent years, the U.S.-Mexico border sewage pollution problem has closed beaches and raised concerns over public health issues. (Patrick Fallon/AFP via Getty Images)
«The United States — which has withheld sending more American dollars to projects until Mexico fulfilled their obligations toward other projects — agreed to release EPA Border Water Infrastructure Program funding to complete the rehabilitation of Pump Station 1 and the Tijuana River collection pipes. This is because Mexico agreed to fund and begin construction on two priority projects this year, the diversion of treated effluent from two wastewater treatment plants and the rehabilitation of the Parallel Gravity Line,» the EPA said, in reference to a wastewater collecting pipe in Mexico. «This increased the total number of projects planned for this year from two to six.»
«To that end, Mexico will immediately seek internal funding to initiate the construction process for the diversion, which will divert 10 million gallons per day of treated effluent entering the Tijuana River, and the rehabilitation of the Parallel Gravity Line. This will be completed no later than December 31, 2025,» the EPA added.
It also said «Several necessary Mexico side projects have been added to account for future population growth in Tijuana and operation and maintenance costs.»
DEAL STRUCK BETWEEN US AND MEXICO TO ENSURE TEXAS FARMERS GET MUCH-NEEDED WATER

The South Bay International Wastewater Treatment Plant operates to treat water and sewage flowing across the border from the Tijuana River behind a section of border wall fencing along the U.S.-Mexico border between San Diego and Tijuana on April 24, 2025. (Patrick Fallon/AFP via Getty Images)
The deal was reached after Zeldin traveled to San Diego in April to speak to those affected by the situation.
«I made a commitment to the residents that I would spearhead an effort to construct an all-encompassing plan to finally bring the sewage crisis to an end,» Zeldin said. «Since my visit, the Mexican and United States’ governments have been working collaboratively to urgently finalize a permanent 100% solution to this longstanding issue. Secretary Rubio and the whole State Department, and the National Security Council at the White House worked hand-in-hand with EPA, and other federal partners, to make this agreement a reality.»

An aerial view of sewage water spilling into Playa Blanca beach in the coast of Tijuana, Baja California state, Mexico on March 21, 2024. (Getty Images)
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«This is not just a solution for 2025,» he added. «We devised this agreement to factor in population growth, operation and maintenance costs, and other variables that would make this solution durable and long term. Grateful to President Claudia Sheinbaum, Secretary [of the Environment and National Resources of Mexico Alicia] Bárcena, and the Mexican Ministry of Foreign Affairs for their partnership, cooperation, and commitment to work with us to clean up the Tijuana River Valley. This is a huge win for millions of Americans and Mexicans who have been calling on us to end this decades old crisis.»
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Trump heads to Scotland to talk golf, politics and trade

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President Donald Trump will depart for Scotland on Friday for a five-day trip where he will check in with his golf resorts in Turnberry and Aberdeen, as well as with British Prime Minister Kier Starmer and head of the Scottish government, First Minister John Swinney.
While it is unclear what dates he will be meeting with the British leaders, one topic of conversation expected to be top of the list is the U.S.-U.K. trade agreement.
The U.K. is one of the few countries with which the U.S. has advanced its trade agreements under relatively amicable terms, signing a deal dubbed the «Economic Prosperity Deal» last month, which agreed to slash tariffs.
Then-former President Donald Trump playing golf at his Trump Turnberry course in South Ayrshire during his visit to the U.K. on Wednesday, May 3, 2023. (Andrew Milligan/PA Images via Getty Images)
TRUMP HEADS TO SCOTLAND, CONTINUES IRONING OUT TRADE DEALS AFTER NOTCHING SIX MONTHS BACK IN OFFICE
It is unclear what details the pair will hash out, but according to Alan Mendoza, executive director of the Henry Jackson Society, an international affairs think tank based in London, the June deal was more of a «head of terms,» essentially stating both nations’ intent to move forward with new trade terms.
«Now we expect to see more detail to be hammered out and specific rates on various industries to be specified,» Mendoza explained to Fox News Digital.
White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt also told reporters last week that Trump and Starmer will meet «to refine the great trade deal that was brokered,» though the White House did not answer Fox News Digital’s questions about what specifically will be discussed over the weekend.
«The U.K. is the only country to have secured this deal with the U.S., reducing car export tariffs from 27.5% to 10%, saving manufacturers hundreds of millions each year and protecting hundreds of thousands of jobs,» the British government said in a statement. «At the same time, the aerospace sector has seen the removal of 10% tariffs on goods such as engines and aircraft parts, helping make companies such as Rolls Royce more competitive and allow them to continue to be at the cutting edge of innovation.»
Starmer championed his relationship with Trump in a BBC interview earlier this month and said that it was «in the national interest» for the two men to get along.

U.K. Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer, middle left, meets with President Donald Trump, alongside Vice President JD Vance, right, and U.K. Foreign Secretary David Lammy, left, in the Oval Office at the White House on Feb. 27, 2025 in Washington, D.C. (Carl Court – Pool/Getty Images)
«We are different people, and we’ve got different political backgrounds and leanings, but we do have a good relationship and that comes from a number of places,» Starmer told BBC podcast «Political Thinking.» «I think I do understand what anchors the president, what he really cares about.»
Apart from geopolitical talks, Trump is expected to get in a round of golf at one of his courses when visiting his clubs, like he did in 2018 when he visited the historic golf resort and hotel at Turnberry.
UK TO ROLL OUT RED CARPET IN ‘UNPRECEDENTED’ SECOND TRUMP VISIT HOSTED BY KING CHARLES
The British government did not respond to Fox News Digital’s questions whether Starmer is expected to play alongside Trump at any point during his trip.
Scotland appears to hold special significance for Trump as his mother, Mary Anne MacLeod Trump, was born and raised in Scotland before she moved to Queens, New York, and he dedicated his club in Aberdeen to her after breaking ground in 2023 and naming an 18-round course the MacLeod Course.

Then-Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump is welcomed as he arrives at his Turnberry golf course, in Turnberry, Scotland, on June 24, 2016. (REUTERS/Clodagh Kilcoyne/File Photo)
He is also reported to have created a memorial garden to his mother at the resort.
Though his strong affection for Scotland has not always been reciprocated and Trump has previously been met with protests during his trip.
Scotland Police confirmed with Fox New Digital that «significant» security precautions have been taken ahead of Trump’s visit, including pulling in additional forces from across the U.K. to help with the police effort.
«A policing plan will be in place to maintain public safety, balance rights to peaceful protest and minimize disruption,» Assistant Chief Constable Emma Bond said, confirming that protests are once again expected.

President Donald Trump plays a round of golf at the Trump Turnberry resort in South Ayrshire, where he and first lady Melania Trump are spending the weekend. (Andrew Milligan/PA Images via Getty Images)
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«The visit will require a significant police operation using local, national and specialist resources from across Police Scotland, supported by colleagues from other U.K. police forces as part of mutual aid arrangements,» she added.
Trump will return to the U.K. in September for an official state visit, where he will meet with King Charles III at Windsor Castle.
The visit will mark the first time the U.K. has invited a U.S. president for a second state visit.
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