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FTC firings take spotlight in Trump’s fight to erase independence of agencies
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The Supreme Court has temporarily allowed President Donald Trump to fire numerous Democrat-appointed members of independent agencies, but one case still moving through the legal system carries the greatest implications yet for a president’s authority to do that.
In Slaughter v. Trump, a Biden-appointed member of the Federal Trade Commission has vowed to fight what she calls her «illegal firing,» setting up a possible scenario in which the case lands before the Supreme Court.
The case would pose the most direct question yet to the justices about where they stand on Humphrey’s Executor v. United States, the nearly century-old decision regarding a president’s power over independent regulatory agencies.
John Shu, a constitutional law expert who served in both Bush administrations, told Fox News Digital he thinks the high court is likely to side with the president if and when the case arrives there.
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The Supreme Court is photographed, Feb. 28, 2024, in Washington. (AP Photo/Jacquelyn Martin, File)
«I think it’s unlikely that Humphrey’s Executor survives the Supreme Court, at least in its current form,» Shu said, adding he anticipates the landmark decision will be overturned or «severely narrowed.»
What is Humphrey’s Executor?
Humphrey’s Executor centered on President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s decision to fire an FTC commissioner with whom he disagreed politically. The case marked the first instance of the Supreme Court limiting a president’s removal power by ruling that Roosevelt overstepped his authority. The court found that presidents could not dismiss FTC commissioners without a reason, such as malfeasance, before their seven-year terms ended, as outlined by Congress in the FTC Act.
However, the FTC’s functions, which largely center on combating anticompetitive business practices, have expanded in the 90 years since Humphrey’s Executor.
«The Federal Trade Commission of 1935 is a lot different than the Federal Trade Commission today,» Shu said.
He noted that today’s FTC can open investigations, issue subpoenas, bring lawsuits, impose financial penalties and more. The FTC now has executive, quasi-legislative and quasi-judicial functions, Shu said.
SCOTUS greenlights other firings
If the Supreme Court’s decision to temporarily allow two labor board members’ firings is any indication, the high court stands ready to make the FTC less independent and more accountable to Trump.
In a 6-3 order, the Supreme Court cited the «considerable executive power» that the National Labor Relations Board and Merit Systems Protection Board have, saying a president «may remove without cause executive officers who exercise that power on his behalf.»
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U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts attends inauguration ceremonies in the Rotunda of the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 20, 2025, in Washington, D.C. (Chip Somodevilla/Pool via REUTERS)
The order did not mention Humphrey’s Executor, but that and other moves indicate the Supreme Court has been chipping away at the 90-year-old ruling and is open to reversing it.
The case of Rebecca Slaughter and Alvaro Bedoya gets closest to the heart of Humphrey’s Executor.
Where does Slaughter’s case stand?
Slaughter enjoyed a short-lived victory when a federal judge in Washington, D.C., found that Trump violated the Constitution and ruled in her favor on July 17.
She was able to return to the FTC for a few days, but the Trump administration appealed the decision and, on July 21, the appellate court paused the lower court judge’s ruling.
Judge Loren AliKhan had said in her summary judgment that Slaughter’s case was almost identical to William Humphrey’s.
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Rebecca Slaughter, commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), during a House Judiciary Committee hearing in Washington, DC, US, on Thursday, July 13, 2023. (Al Drago/Bloomberg via Getty Images)
«It is not the role of this court to decide the correctness, prudence, or wisdom of the Supreme Court’s decisions—even one from ninety years ago,» AliKhan, a Biden appointee, wrote. «Whatever the Humphrey’s Executor Court may have thought at the time of that decision, this court will not second-guess it now.»
The lawsuit arose from Trump firing Slaughter and Bedoya, the two Democratic-appointed members of the five-member commission. They alleged that Trump defied Humphrey’s Executor by firing them in March without cause in a letter that «nearly word-for-word» mirrored the one Roosevelt sent a century ago.
Bedoya has since resigned, but Slaughter is not backing down from a legal fight in which Trump appears to have the upper hand.
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«Like dozens of other federal agencies, the Federal Trade Commission has been protected from presidential politics for nearly a century,» Slaughter said in a statement after she was re-fired. «I’ll continue to fight my illegal firing and see this case through, because part of why Congress created independent agencies is to ensure transparency and accountability.»
Now a three-judge panel comprising two Obama appointees and one Trump appointee is considering a longer-term pause and asked for court filings to be submitted by July 29, meaning the judges could issue their decision soon thereafter.
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Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., condemned President Donald Trump’s plan to deploy U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents to U.S. airports on Sunday.
Schumer made the comments while speaking on the Senate floor Sunday, saying Trump’s decision is «impulsive» and could make the situation at airports worse.
«Today, Donald Trump and [Tom] Homan are saying they will deploy ICE agents to airports starting on Monday. This is really disturbing. ICE agents who are untrained and have caused problems everywhere they’ve gone lurking at our airports. That’s asking for trouble, and it will certainly make the chaos at the airports even worse,» Schumer said.
«No one has any faith in ICE agents. They haven’t received training. They don’t know what it is to be a TSA person and do what you need to do,» he continued. «And the real problem here is they have no plan for using these ICE agents. Trump says, send them there. They send them there. And Homan says they’re still drawing up plans with less than a day’s notice. What is this? We know what it is. It’s another impulsive action by Donald Trump.»
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President Donald Trump and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer are clashing over funding plans for the DHS. (Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images; Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)
«Some idea pops into his head and he announces it. And then the people working for him, a few of whom do have some degree of talent and ability. Not many underlings. They have to rush to try and implement what they know is an idiotic plan,» he said.
The ICE deployment is Trump’s latest move in the battle with Democrats over funding for the Department of Homeland Security.
Schumer also used his time on the Senate floor Sunday to criticize Trump’s actions in Iran.
«Donald Trump said, ‘you know, I may have a plan or I may not for a war,’» Schumer said. «There’s people’s lives are at stake. Billions are being spent on an almost daily basis. And he says, you know, ‘I may have a plan or I may not.’ These are the words of the commander in chief in the middle of a war involving one of the most dangerous regimes on Earth. ‘I have a plan, or I may not.’»
«That’s unhinged and dangerous. Lives are on the line. The president says he may not even have a plan. Tens of billions are being wasted. No plan. Troops being killed and injured, no plan. Civilians being killed and injured. No plan. Gasoline costs $3.94 a gallon on average. And Trump, ‘I have no plan’,» Schumer said.
Meanwhile, Schumer and his allies have refused to approve DHS funding without reforms to immigration enforcement.
TSA agents across the country have gone more than a month without a paycheck, with no clear end in sight.
Travelers wait in line at a TSA checkpoint at William P. Hobby Airport in Houston, Texas, on March 9, 2026. (Mark Felix/Bloomberg via Getty Images)
Trump first threatened to deploy ICE to airports on Saturday, demanding that Democrats «immediately sign an agreement» to fund DHS.
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Airports across the country have reported huge numbers of employees calling out sick or not showing up for work. More than 400 TSA employees have quit their jobs.
TSA Agents scan luggage at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport in Arlington, Virginia. (Valerie Plesch/Getty Images)
«On Monday, ICE will be going to airports to help our wonderful TSA Agents who have stayed on the job despite the fact that the Radical Left Democrats, who are only focused on protecting hard-line criminals who have entered our Country illegally, are endangering the USA by holding back the money that was long ago agreed to with signed and sealed contracts, and all,» Trump wrote Sunday on Truth Social.
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Trump also predicted blowback from Democrats, saying they would complain «no matter how great a job ICE does.»
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Eugenio Dittborn, figura central del arte contemporáneo en Chile, presenta por primera vez en la Argentina una muestra individual que reúne obras de distintas etapas de su carrera y expone su particular abordaje conceptual sobre la representación y circulación de las imágenes.
A diferencia de muestras retrospectivas convencionales, Historias del rostro, en el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, con curaduría de Justo Pastor Mellado, presenta solo dos piezas principales y un conjunto de documentos históricos fundamentales dentro del recorrido del artista. Este enfoque, según detalló Mellado, busca demostrar “la potencia conceptual del universo creativo” de Dittborn, utilizando recursos mínimos pero de gran densidad visual y simbólica.
La obra destacada de esta exposición, según Mellado, es “XXII Historia del rostro”, una pintura aeropostal realizada en 1998 que condensa veinte retratos impresos, conformando lo que el curador describe como “una pequeña enciclopedia de la representación del rostro”.
En la pieza convergen dibujos infantiles, caricaturas, retratos hablados, imágenes de personas con afecciones mentales, fichas de identificación policial y fotografías de pobladores originarios tomadas de un álbum etnográfico.
Esta obra, además de su contenido visual, integra el procedimiento singular que distingue al artista desde los años ochenta: la pintura se pliega, se envía en un sobre a diferentes destinos internacionales y se exhibe junto con su envoltura, cuestionando los sistemas tradicionales de circulación y legitimación de las obras de arte.
Las pinturas aeropostales constituyen una estrategia desarrollada por Dittborn a inicios de la década de 1980. A través de este formato, el artista no solo introduce métodos de experimentación gráfica y crítica visual, sino que también propone un sistema alternativo de circulación que desafía la noción de obra única y su permanencia física en el espacio expositivo. Cada pintura, compuesta por iconografías e inscripciones heterogéneas, es doblada y enviada físicamente a distintos países, donde se despliega temporalmente junto al sobre que la contiene.
La otra producción principal de la muestra, creada en 2022, es “Todas las caras del rostro”, que reúne diez dibujos en carboncillo sobre sudarios. Mellado describe que estos rostros aparecen “con sus cuencas vacías, mostrándonos con descaro sus dientes apretados, sus cráneos pelados o adornados con rizos, sus narices puntiagudas dispuestas sobre patrones de damero vistos en escorzo, combinando tramas que delatan la textura de la tela”. De este modo, la obra dialoga directamente con los materiales y gestos gráficos constitutivos de la trayectoria de Dittborn.
El recorrido de la exposición se completa con dos publicaciones producidas por Eugenio Dittborn entre 1976 y 1979, que según el director del Bellas Artes, Andrés Duprat, “se convirtieron en acontecimientos de la historia editorial y visual chilena”. Para Duprat, el gran mérito de la curaduría radica en que, mediante una selección precisa y acotada, se “logra reactualizar la escena de origen del artista, y subraya la persistencia de la línea como principio organizador de su práctica”.
Eugenio Dittborn nació en Santiago de Chile en 1943 y cuenta con obras en instituciones internacionales de relevancia. Esta exposición en el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, que cuenta con el apoyo del Centro Cultural Matta de la Embajada de Chile, constituye la primera oportunidad de observar de cerca algunos de los núcleos conceptuales y formales de su producción, a partir de piezas que exploran tanto la representación del rostro como los circuitos que permiten a la imagen persistir y desplazarse en el tiempo y el espacio.
*“Eugenio Dittborn. Historias del rostro” podrá visitarse hasta el 31 de mayo en la sala 33 del primer piso del Museo, de martes a viernes, de 11 a 19.30 (último ingreso), y los sábados y domingos, de 10 a 19.30.
Bellas Artes,Eugenio Dittborn
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