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Within minutes of Trump signing voter database order, Dem states threaten lawsuits

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President Donald Trump, frustrated by the Senate stalemate on the SAVE America Act, has moved via executive order to create a nationwide list of verified eligible voters and to restrict mail-in voting, a move that swiftly drew legal threats from Democrats.

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«I don’t see how they can challenge it,» Trump said at Wednesday night’s Oval Office signing, admitting, «maybe it’ll be tested.»

«I believe it’s foolproof.»

Arizona, California and Oregon, states that widely offer mail-in voting, immediately pledged to sue the Trump administration, but Colorado, Hawaii, Maine, Minnesota, Nevada, Utah, Vermont, Washington state, Washington, D.C., and Wisconsin could follow suit.

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REPUBLICAN SENATORS BLAST DEMOCRATS FOR ‘FEAR-MONGERING’ OVER ELECTION SECURITY SAVE ACT

President Donald Trump acknowledges the likelihood of legal objections to his executive order on mail-in voting. (Brendan SMIALOWSKI / AFP via Getty Images)

«The President wants to limit which Americans can participate in our democracy,» California Democrat Gov. Gavin Newsom wrote on X.

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«We’re challenging it,» he added. «See you in court.»

Arizona Secretary of State Adrian Fontes said the state’s vote-by-mail system is now used by 80% of voters, adding Arizona does not need the federal government to tell it who can vote, and arguing federal data is not always reliable.

GOP TRIGGERS MARATHON SENATE FIGHT TO EXPOSE DEMS’ OPPOSITION TO TRUMP-BACKED VOTER ID BILL

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«It is just wrongheaded for a president of the United States to pretend like he can pick his own voters,» Fontes, a Democrat, told The Associated Press. «That’s just not how America works.»

It is yet another battleground for Trump versus blue on the U.S. map ahead of the 2026 midterms. Republicans will fight to maintain razor-thin majorities in the House (217-214 currently, with one GOP-caucusing independent) and Senate (53-45, with two independents caucusing with Democrats).

«The cheating on mail-in voting is legendary,» Trump said after signing the order in the Oval Office on Wednesday night. «It’s horrible what’s going on.

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GOP GOVERNORS, AGS BACK TRUMP SAVE ACT PUSH, WARN SYSTEM GIVES ‘UNDUE INFLUENCE’ TO STATES WITH ILLEGAL ALIENS

«I think this will help a lot with elections.»

Gavin Newsom looks as he continues a potential campaign for president

California Democrat Gov. Gavin Newsom immediately issued a ‘see you in court’ after President Donald Trump’s election integrity executive order Tuesday night. (Tayfun Coskun/Getty Images)

Trump won 30 states outright in 2024, compared to former Vice President Kamala Harris’ 18 (19, when including Washington, D.C.). Maine and Nevada split their Electoral College votes.

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Trump won Nevada and Utah, two universal mail-in voting states. Nevada is a battleground state, while Utah is generally reliably red.

TRUMP VOTER ID PUSH FACES SENATE TEST AS GOP REBELS THREATEN TO SINK BILL

Among the states won by Harris, New Hampshire is the only one that generally requires a specific reason (such as illness or absence) to vote by mail.

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«This is a massive and unconstitutional voter suppression effort aimed at giving Trump the power to create a list of who is allowed to vote by mail,» Democrat election lawyer Marc Elias, who was an election integrity attack dog for both former President Joe Biden and Harris, wrote immediately on X.

«We know where this will go — the targeting of Democrats for mass disenfranchisement.

DOJ SUES 5 MORE STATES, DEMANDING ACCESS TO VOTER ROLLS: ‘WE WILL NOT BE DETERRED’

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«We will sue and we will win.»

Marc Elias holds his chin in his left hand

Democrat election lawyer Marc Elias has been suing Donald Trump for years. (David Jolkovski for The Washington Post)

New Jersey, Maryland, Illinois and Minnesota have «Permanent Absentee» lists where, once you sign up, you are automatically mailed a ballot for every future election. New York, Virginia, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Mexico and Delaware have standard no-excuse needed mail-in voting.

Any of those states also stand to object, but Trump said he is prepared for the legal wrangling.

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TRUMP SIGNS EXECUTIVE ORDER OVERHAULING MAIL-IN VOTING IN MAJOR ELECTION INTEGRITY PUSH

«They’ll probably challenge it,» he said. «You find a rogue judge — a lot of rogue judges. Very bad, bad people. Very bad judges. And hopefully we’ll win on appeal if it is.»

Trump’s order directs the Department of Homeland Security, working with the Social Security Administration, to compile lists of eligible voters in each state and seeks to block the U.S. Postal Service from delivering absentee ballots to voters not on state-approved rolls. It also calls for ballot envelopes with unique tracking barcodes and threatens to withhold federal funding from states and localities that do not comply.

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«Not only is his order unconstitutional, it’s unserious,» NAACP President Derrick Johnson told Reuters in a statement. «This order will not stand.»

TRUMP WARNS HE WON’T ENDORSE LAWMAKERS WHO OPPOSE SAVE AMERICA ACT

Legal experts said the order is likely to face immediate constitutional challenges because election administration is largely left to the states, not the president.

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«This executive order is plainly unauthorized and unlawful,» Brennan Center for Justice Vice President at New York University Wendy Weiser told The Washington Post.

AP reported that Oregon, Arizona, Maine and Nevada were among the Democrat-led states where top officials either threatened lawsuits or said they would not comply:

TRUMP EXPLAINS VOTING BY MAIL: ‘I’M PRESIDENT’ WITH ‘A LOT’ GOING ON

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Oregon: «We don’t need decrees from Washington, D.C.,» Secretary of State Tobias Read, a Democrat, said. «My message to the President: We’ll see you in court.» Oregon Attorney General Dan Rayfield, also a Democrat, added that the state would «use every legal tool available to us to fight this and protect Oregonians’ right to vote.»

Arizona: Fontes, in addition to his comments above, added, «We will not let this stand.»

Maine: Secretary of State Shenna Bellows, a Democrat, called the order «laughably unconstitutional» and said Maine would not comply. More than a quarter of Maine voters cast mail-in ballots in the 2024 election.

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TRUMP CALLS MAIL IN VOTING CORRUPT AS SENATE BEGINS DEBATE ON SAVE ACT REQUIRING VOTER ID

Nevada: Secretary of State Francisco Aguilar, the lone Democrat in a state won by Trump in 2024, said the order would burden local election officials and «doesn’t benefit anybody in this country except himself.»

The latest order follows Trump’s broader push to reshape election rules from Washington. A March 2025 executive order that sought major changes to voter registration and mailed-ballot rules was largely blocked in court after lawsuits from voting-rights groups and Democrat state attorneys general.

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«The president has no authority to regulate elections,» Weiser told the Post. «He tried to do something like this a year ago.

TWO DOZEN HOUSE REPUBLICANS GO TO WAR WITH SENATE GOP OVER SAVE AMERICA ACT

«We and others actually sued. We won. We expect the same result this time.»

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Election-law specialists say Tuesday’s order is vulnerable for many of the same reasons.

David Becker, a former Justice Department lawyer who now leads the Center for Election Innovation and Research, said the Constitution is clear that the president does not control state-run elections.

PENCE URGES SENATE TO ‘RESTORE PUBLIC CONFIDENCE’ WITH NATIONWIDE VOTER ID LAW

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The order was «clearly unconstitutional» and would be blocked immediately, Becker wrote on social media, adding Trump «might as well sign an EO banning gravity.»

Becker also noted the Postal Service is governed by a board of governors, limiting the president’s authority to dictate what mail it can carry.

«There’s no authority for any of this,» UCLA Safeguarding Democracy Project Director Richard Hasen told the Post, adding the order would be unenforceable in time for the midterm elections.

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REPORTER’S NOTEBOOK: GOP WEIGHS ‘NUKING’ FILIBUSTER TO PASS TRUMP’S SAVE ACT

It is «just a fantasy,» Hasen concluded. «That’s why I think this isn’t serious.»

The order also revives concerns about the federal SAVE system, which voting-rights advocates have criticized as unreliable and prone to errors that could affect eligible voters.

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At least one Republican elections official on Tuesday defended the SAVE system while downplaying the potential of widespread voter fraud.

REPORTER’S NOTEBOOK: GOP PUSHES ELECTION SECURITY BILL DESPITE SLIM ODDS, AS TRUMP PRESSURE LOOMS

Robert Sinners, a spokesperson for Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger — who stood firmly against Trump’s 2020 presidential election integrity investigation — said their recommendations to the Trump administration have strengthened voter verification and stressed that «the small number flagged as potential non-citizens cannot vote by mail or in person until they provide proof of citizenship.»

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«The executive order will be decided in court, but in Georgia, we already verify citizenship and will continue to do so regardless of the outcome,» Sinners added.

The Brennan Center and other groups have warned that using federal databases to police state voter rolls can create mistakes, privacy concerns and barriers for lawful voters.

SLOTKIN PRESSES DHS PICK ON ICE AT POLLS, SAYS SHE CAN’T TRUST TRUMP TO ALLOW ‘FREE AND FAIR’ ELECTION

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«The Constitution doesn’t allow the executive to take over elections administration; that’s a job for the state legislatures or Congress, and so I don’t think this is going to pass any sort of judicial muster,» Fontes told The New York Times.

«So this is a big, giant waste of time, and it’s an attention grab from the Trump administration.»

Trump vehemently disagrees, despite using mail-in voting himself last month.

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SCOTUS CONSERVATIVES SIGNAL READINESS TO CURB LATE-ARRIVING MAIL BALLOTS

«Yeah, I did,» Trump shot back at a reporter Thursday. «You know what? Because I’m president of the United States.»

«And because of the fact that I’m president of the United States, I did a mail-in ballot for elections that took place in Florida because I felt I should be here instead of being in the beautiful sunshine.»

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«You know, we have exceptions for mail-in ballots,» Trump said. «You do know that, right? So if you’re away, you have an exception. If you’re in the military, we have an exception. If you’re on a business trip, we have an exception. If you’re disabled, we have an exception. And if you’re ill, if you’re not feeling good.

«So I was away mostly in Washington, D.C., so I used a mail-in ballot.»

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Trump frequently invokes the critical 2005 findings of the Carter-Baker Commission, which warned about the election integrity vulnerabilities of mail-in voting.

Reuters and AP contributed to this report.

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Turkey’s NATO role under scrutiny amid new report on Hamas, Muslim Brotherhood ties

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FIRST ON FOX: A new report is raising concerns about Turkey’s role in the Middle East, arguing that under President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, the country has moved away from its traditional Western alignment and toward deeper engagement with Islamist movements, including the Muslim Brotherhood.

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The Foundation for Defense of Democracies report, led by senior fellow Sinan Ciddi and titled «Islamist Domination of Turkey: A Forward Base for Muslim Brotherhood-Aligned Jihadism,» argues that Turkey has ties to Hamas — the U.S.-designated terrorist group responsible for the Oct. 7 massacre — as well as to the Muslim Brotherhood — an Islamist movement whose affiliates have recently been designated as terrorist organizations by the United States — placing Turkey’s policies under renewed scrutiny as it prepares to host a NATO summit.

Ciddi told Fox News Digital the shift reflects a broader transformation in how Turkey defines threats.

«What we have is Turkey has completely rewritten the rules of how you interpret what a jihadist terrorist entity may be,» Ciddi said. «Erdoğan has reinvented what is interpreted as a terrorist entity … groups such as Hamas or al-Nusra fall into line with his pan-Islamist view of the world.»

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EXPERT WARNS RADICAL ISLAMIST NETWORKS COULD SHIFT WEST AFTER IRAN REGIME SHAKEUP

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (R) and then-Chairman of Hamas Khaled Mashal (L) shake hands at the Historical Mabeyn Palace in Istanbul, Turkey on June 24, 2016. (Kayhan Ozer/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images)

Hamas presence draws scrutiny

A central focus of the report is Turkey’s relationship with Hamas, which the United States designates as a terrorist organization, and yet Hamas expanded its presence in Turkey after 2011, establishing offices and networks inside the country.

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«From 2011 onward … Hamas used this opportunity inside of Turkey with a friendly government to establish offices, engage in recruitment (and) fundraising,» Ciddi said.

U.S. authorities have taken action against some of those networks. The Treasury Department has designated Hamas-linked individuals and entities operating in Turkey, a point Ciddi said underscores longstanding concerns.

«The United States Treasury has been tracking and designating Hamas-affiliated NGOs and individuals inside of Turkey,» he said.

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The report also alleges that some Hamas operatives have been able to travel using Turkish-issued documents and that senior figures have been publicly received by Erdoğan.

Beyond Hamas, the report describes Turkey as a hub for Muslim Brotherhood figures from across the region, including Egypt and Yemen, many of whom relocated there following crackdowns in their home countries.

Across parts of the Arab world, the Muslim Brotherhood has been banned or restricted for years. 

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Egypt outlawed the movement in 2013, accusing it of inciting unrest and undermining state institutions. Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates later designated it a terrorist organization, describing it as a threat to national stability, while Bahrain adopted a similar stance. 

Jordan dissolved its local chapter this year following arrests authorities said were linked to illicit weapons activity.

Some European countries also have taken steps targeting networks linked to the movement. 

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Austria, for example, has pursued legal action against individuals and organizations it says are connected to Brotherhood-linked activity as part of its counter-extremism policies.

Officials in these countries have argued that the Brotherhood operates through a mix of religious outreach, political activism, charitable organizations and media platforms to influence public opinion and challenge state authority.

ISRAEL SHUTS DOOR ON TURKEY IN GAZA AS TRUMP PRAISES ERDOGAN, PLAYS DOWN CLASH

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Turkey protest

People protest in support of Palestinians in Gaza during a protest rally in Istanbul, Turkey, on Feb. 17, 2024, amid the ongoing war between Israel and Hamas. (Khalil Hamra/The Associated Press )

Syria policy and sanctions questions

The report also examines Turkey’s role in Syria, where the country backed opposition forces during the civil war, supporting a range of armed factions, including groups that later formed the Syrian National Army.

«The Syrian National Army … was a hodgepodge collection of militias that Turkey directly armed, paid and organized,» he said.

The report links Turkish support to groups such as al-Nusra and Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, raising questions among analysts about whether such ties could expose Turkish officials to potential sanctions under U.S. law.

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TRUMP FACES MIDDLE EAST TEST AS NETANYAHU BALKS AT ERDOGAN’S GAZA TROOP HOPES

Trump meets with Erdogan

U.S. President Donald Trump (R) delivers remarks during a meeting with President of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan in the Oval Office at the White House on Sept. 25, 2025 in Washington, D.C. (Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

A balancing act with Washington

Despite these concerns, other analysts say Turkey’s relationship with the United States continues to act as a constraint on its behavior, while the relationship between Donald Trump and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has been characterized by renewed trust, with Trump praising Erdoğan’s role in Gaza diplomacy.

As Trump celebrated the Gaza ceasefire agreement in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt in October 2025, he singled out one leader for extraordinary praise — Erdoğan, whose leadership he credited for helping deliver the Gaza ceasefire.

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«A guy who’s been a friend of mine for a long time. I don’t know why I like the tough people better than the soft, easy ones,» Trump said about Erdoğan at the Sharm el-Sheikh summit in October 2025. «This gentleman from a place called Turkey is one of the most powerful in the world … He’s a tough cookie — but he’s my friend.»

Hişyar Özsoy, a Turkish politician and academic, described the relationship between Erdoğan and Trump as «transactional,» noting Washington often relies on Turkey for regional coordination.

In a policy webinar hosted by the Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security, Turkish academic Hüseyin Bağcı emphasized that Ankara remains closely tied to Washington.

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«The Turkish state is not interested in fighting with Israel because the Turkish government has very good relations with (the) United States of America,» he said. «You cannot be good with America and then be in conflict with Israel.»

Bağcı also suggested Turkey has at times limited Islamist actors domestically.

«Today do you hear anything about» the Muslim Brotherhood, he said. «No … because the president said stop.» 

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World leaders shaking hands

Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, left, shakes hands with Sweden’s Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson, right, as NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg looks on prior to a meeting ahead of a NATO summit in Vilnius, Lithuania, Monday, July 10, 2023. (Yves Herman, Pool Photo via AP)

NATO ally under pressure

Turkey, a NATO member since 1952, remains a key partner for the United States, providing logistical access, military capabilities and diplomatic reach.

But Ciddi argued Turkey’s current trajectory increasingly diverges from alliance priorities.

«There is an established track record … where Turkey significantly undermines the transatlantic alliance’s core security concerns,» he said.

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He pointed to U.S. sanctions on Turkish entities accused of supplying dual-use goods to Russia, as well as Ankara’s broader strategy of maintaining ties with competing powers.

Iran and regional positioning

As far as Turkey’s positioning itself amid tensions with Iran, Ciddi said Turkey is likely to favor a weakened Iranian regime rather than a complete collapse that could produce a more pro-Western government. 

«A weakened Iranian regime is Erdoğan’s safest bet,» he said.

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Bağcı offered a similar assessment of the rivalry.

«Iran is not an enemy of Turkey, but not necessarily its best friend. Turkey and Iran are two regional competitors,» he said.

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FILE - In this May 30, 2015, file photo, supporters of Turkey's president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, and prime minister and leader of the Justice and Development Party (AKP), Ahmet Davutoglu, some holding Turkish flags, wait for their appearance in Istanbul during a rally to commemorate the anniversary of city's conquest by the Ottoman Turks. As extremist violence and political uncertainty cast a shadow over Turkey, voters are looking for the parliamentary election to usher in stability. (AP Photo/Lefteris Pitarakis file)

In this May 30, 2015, file photo, supporters of Turkey President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and prime minister and leader of the Justice and Development Party (AKP), Ahmet Davutoglu, some holding Turkish flags, wait for their appearance in Istanbul during a rally to commemorate the anniversary of the city’s conquest by the Ottoman Turks. As extremist violence and political uncertainty cast a shadow over Turkey, voters are looking for the parliamentary election to usher in stability. (AP Photo/Lefteris Pitarakis)

Looking ahead

The report recommends potential U.S. policy responses, including sanctions and increased scrutiny of Turkey’s financial system, steps that could reshape relations between Washington and Ankara.

Fox News Digital reached out multiple times to the Turkish government and to the State Department for comment but did not receive a response in time for publication.

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war with iran, turkey, nato, europe, terrorism, syria

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Poll position: Where Trump stands among Americans as he faces the nation in primetime

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President Donald Trump goes before the nation in prime time on Wednesday evening to deliver what the White House says is «an important update» on the war with Iran.

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The president’s address comes amid the month-long attacks by the U.S. and Israel on Iran, which polls indicate are unpopular with many Americans, and a surge in gas prices as a direct result of the fighting have triggered a further slide in Trump’s standing in public opinion surveys.

The political implications are clear: The strikes on Iran and the erosion of the president’s approval ratings are warning signs for the GOP as Republicans ramp up to defend their slim House and Senate majorities in this autumn’s midterm elections.

Trump stood at 41% approval and 59% disapproval in the latest Fox News national poll, which was conducted March 20–23. The president’s negative 18-point margin was up from 14 points in the previous Fox News poll, which was conducted Feb. 28–March 2, as the strikes against Iran began.

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FOX NEWS LIVE UPDATES ON THE U.S. WAR WITH IRAN

The president’s approval ratings stood in the upper 30s, with his disapproval in the upper 50s to low 60s, in the most recent national surveys from Reuters/Ipsos, AP/NORC, and Quinnipiac University. A CNN poll conducted March 26–30 and released Wednesday indicated Trump had a 35%-64% approval/disapproval rating.

An average of the most recent national surveys gauging the president’s standing puts Trump just above 40%, with his disapproval in the upper 50s.

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WHAT THE LATEST FOX NEWS POLL SHOWS ON THE WAR WITH IRAN

While Trump’s base remains extremely supportive of the president and the war, much of the slippage is coming from within the GOP, specifically those who are considered non-MAGA Republicans.

«I do see in the last couple of surveys an edging down…close to a double-digit movement,» veteran Republican pollster Daron Shaw, who helps run the Fox News Poll with Democrat Chris Anderson, said, pointing to declining support for Trump among non-MAGA Republicans.

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A screen grab from a video released on U.S. President Donald Trump’s Truth Social account shows Donald Trump making statements regarding combat operations on Iran on Feb. 28, 2026, in Palm Beach, Florida. (US President Trump Via Truth Social/Anadolu via Getty Images)

Fueling Trump’s decline appears to be the surge in gas prices.

The average price of gasoline in the U.S. topped $4 per gallon on Tuesday, according to national averages from AAA and GasBuddy, for the first time in four years.

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FOX BUSINESS: GAS PRICES TOP $4 PER GALLON

The military attacks by the U.S. and Israel have resulted in the deaths of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and other top officials, and the decimation of the country’s military.

In response, Iran has targeted energy facilities with missile and drone attacks in a number of Persian Gulf nations. It has also made the Strait of Hormuz nearly impassable to commercial shipping, bringing roughly 20% of the world’s oil supply to a halt and sending global fuel prices sharply higher.

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Rising gas prices at the pumps

A gas station displays a sign for $3.999 for regular gasoline, in Cleveland, Monday, March 30, 2026.  (Sue Ogrocki/AP Photo)

That has only exacerbated Trump’s polling woes when it comes to his performance on the economy, amid public dissatisfaction with high prices and the cost of living.

A spotlight on inflation helped fuel sweeping victories by Trump and Republicans in the 2024 elections, when they won back the White House and Senate and successfully defended their slim House majority.

DEMOCRATS TARGET TRUMP, GOP, OVER SURING GAS PRICES 

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But a laser focus on affordability by Democrats, amid persistent inflation, has fueled a slew of victories and overperformances in 2025’s off-year elections and in special elections in the more than 14 months since Trump returned to the White House.

According to the Fox News poll, 80% of respondents said they were concerned about gas prices, and 86% concerned about inflation and high prices. And the CNN survey spotlighted that the president’s approval rating for handling the economy sank to 31%, Trump’s lowest level ever in their polling.

The White House says the surge in prices is temporary.

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«When Operation Epic Fury is complete, gas prices will plummet back to the multiyear lows American drivers enjoyed before these short-term disruptions,» White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt said in a statement on Tuesday.

Leavitt emphasized that «President Trump remains committed to fully unleashing American energy dominance, lowering costs, and putting more money back in the pockets of hardworking American families.»

OIL HAS SURGED SINCE THE IRAN CONFLICT BEGAN, BUT GAS PRICES MAY NOT BE DONE RISING

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The gas price surge is giving Democrats more political ammunition to target the GOP.

«BREAKING: National Gas Prices Skyrocket to $4 Per Gallon,» read the headline from an email Tuesday morning from the Democratic National Committee.

The House Democrats’ campaign committee last week launched digital ads showing prices at the pump rising and an image saying «D.C. Republicans Did That!» Sources say to expect another round of ads on gas prices in the coming weeks.

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But Democrats have their own polling problems, as the party’s brand image has cratered to historic lows in a slew of polls over the past year.

Shaw, pointing to the so-called double-haters, voters who disapprove of both Trump and the Democrats, said that group hasn’t «really swung dramatically to the Democrats» as the midterms approach.

Republican Sen. Ted Cruz of Texas emphasized in a recent Fox News Digital interview that, in his opinion, Trump’s «decision to launch this military action is the most consequential decision» of his presidency.

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Such perceptions only increase what’s at stake when Trump addresses the nation in prime time.

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«The American people want to hear what the off-ramp for the war is and when it will end,» Dan Eberhart, an oil drilling chief executive officer and prominent Republican donor told Fox News Digital.

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Eberhart, who is supportive of the president, said: «Trump’s base is with him, but many ordinary Americans feel the war is unnecessary. Tonight is Trump’s opportunity to explain why this war matters to everyday Americans.»

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Ciudadanía por nacimiento: Trump asiste a la Corte para defender su decreto, pero se encuentra con un tribunal en duda

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La Corte Suprema puso en duda este miércoles las restricciones del presidente Donald Trump a la ciudadanía por derecho de nacimiento en un caso trascendental que cobró mayor relevancia por la presencia sin precedentes de Trump en la sala.

Trump llegó este miércoles, en un hecho inédito, a la Corte Suprema de Estados Unidos, donde asistió a la audiencia sobre la ciudadanía por derecho de nacimiento (que él prohibió con un decreto) convirtiéndose así en el primer presidente en ejercicio en presenciar los argumentos orales ante el máximo tribunal del país.

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Los magistrados, tanto conservadores como liberales, cuestionaron si el decreto de Trump, que declara que los hijos nacidos de padres que se encuentran en Estados Unidos de forma ilegal o temporal no son ciudadanos estadounidenses, se ajusta a la Constitución o a la ley federal.

Trump permaneció poco más de una hora en la sala para escuchar los argumentos del principal abogado de la administración republicana ante la Corte Suprema, el procurador general D. John Sauer. El presidente se retiró poco después de que la abogada Cecillia Wang comenzara su presentación en defensa de la ciudadanía por derecho de nacimiento en su totalidad.

La agenda oficial del presidente republicano, publicada por la Casa Blanca, incluía desde temprano la visita a la Corte Suprema, donde los magistrados escucharán la apelación de Trump contra el fallo de un tribunal inferior que anuló su orden ejecutiva que limitaba la ciudadanía por derecho de nacimiento.

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La orden, firmada por Trump el primer día de su segundo mandato, declaraba que los hijos nacidos de padres que se encuentran en Estados Unidos de forma ilegal o temporal no son ciudadanos estadounidenses.

Esto representa un giro radical respecto a la postura tradicional de que la Decimocuarta Enmienda de la Constitución y la legislación federal desde 1940 otorgan la ciudadanía a toda persona nacida en territorio estadounidense, con contadas excepciones.

La orden de ciudadanía por derecho de nacimiento, firmada por Trump el 20 de enero de 2025, forma parte de la amplia campaña de represión migratoria de su administración republicana.

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Todos los tribunales inferiores que han examinado el asunto han declarado ilegal la orden y han impedido su entrada en vigor. Se espera un fallo definitivo del Tribunal Supremo a principios del verano (boreal).

En un posteo en redes sociales Trump protestó: «La ciudadanía por derecho de nacimiento tiene que ver con los hijos de esclavos, no con multimillonarios chinos que tienen 56 hijos, todos los cuales se convierten en ciudadanos estadounidenses. ¡Una de las muchas grandes estafas de nuestro tiempo!».

Trump opina sobre la ciudadanía por nacimiento. Foto: @realDonaldTrump

«Voy a ir»

No es la primera vez que Trump considera asistir a una audiencia ante la Corte Suprema. El año pasado, Trump expresó su gran interés en asistir a una audiencia sobre si había excedido la ley federal con sus aranceles generalizados, pero finalmente desistió, argumentando que habría sido una distracción.

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Un manifestante protesta frente a la Corte este miércoles. Foto: Reuters

“Voy a ir”, dijo Trump cuando se mencionaron los próximos argumentos en el caso de la ciudadanía por derecho de nacimiento. Ante una pregunta posterior para aclarar si planeaba asistir en persona, Trump respondió: “Creo que sí, lo creo”.

Trump acudió a la Corte Suprema durante su primer mandato para la ceremonia de juramento del primer juez que nombró, Neil Gorsuch. Otros dos jueces que nombró —Brett Kavanaugh y Amy Coney Barrett— también forman parte de la Corte.

Otros presidentes han tratado directamente con la Corte, pero no parecen haberlo hecho durante su mandato. Richard Nixon argumentó un caso entre su vicepresidencia y su presidencia, y William Howard Taft fue presidente de la Corte Suprema tras su presidencia.

Claves: ¿Qué está en juego?

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El caso: la primera frase de la 14.ª Enmienda, la Cláusula de Ciudadanía, otorga la ciudadanía a “todas las personas nacidas o naturalizadas en los Estados Unidos y sujetas a su jurisdicción”, lo que, según la interpretación tradicional, incluye a los hijos de madres que se encuentran ilegalmente en el país. El caso gira en torno al significado de la última frase sobre la jurisdicción.

Manifestantes a favor y en contra del decreto de Trump. Foto: AP

El argumento: la postura de Trump, respaldada por algunos juristas conservadores, es que las personas que se encuentran ilegalmente o temporalmente en el país no están “sujetas a la jurisdicción” de los Estados Unidos y, por lo tanto, sus hijos nacidos en EE.UU. no tienen derecho a la ciudadanía.

Las implicaciones: más de 250 000 bebés nacidos cada año en EE.UU. se verían afectados por la orden ejecutiva. Esto concuerda con otras políticas antiinmigratorias de la administración Trump: el aumento de las deportaciones, la drástica reducción del número de refugiados admitidos en EE.UU. y la suspensión del asilo en la frontera.

Las restricciones al derecho de nacimiento también se aplicarían a las personas que se encuentran legalmente en EE.UU., incluidos estudiantes y solicitantes de residencia permanente.

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Un poco de historia: el caso de Wong Kim Ark

La decisión de la Coarte era un desafío a toda la jurisprudencia en vigor desde finales del siglo XIX, cuando un hombre llamado Wong Kim Ark, nacido en San Francisco en 1873, hijo de padres que habían llegado a Estados Unidos procedentes de China, quiso volver al país tras un viaje a la tierra de sus padres, en 1895.

Su entrada fue denegada por la policía fronteriza en virtud de un Ley de Exclusión China, para frenar la inmigración de ese país.

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Un manifestante a favor de la 14° Enmienda de la Constitución. Foto: Reuters

Wong Kim Ark apeló a la 14ª enmienda de la Constitución estadounidense.

La Corte Suprema le dio la razón y recordó que esa enmienda, aprobada tras la traumática Guerra Civil de 1861-65, sirvió para confirmar que los millones de esclavos de origen africano liberados, así como sus descendientes, tenían derecho a la ciudadanía.

Durante más de un siglo, Estados Unidos ha aplicado esta regla de manera amplia, a todos los nacidos en su suelo o en territorios bajo su jurisdicción.

Pero el flujo constante de inmigrantes indocumentados en las últimas décadas ha llevado a algunos juristas conservadores a exigir una revisión de ese derecho.

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Los hijos de diplomáticos por ejemplo no tienen derecho automático a la ciudadanía estadounidense, ni tampoco los miembros de tribus nativas soberanas.

Con información de Associated Press y AFP

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