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Scientists in Argentina unearth oldest tadpole fossil ever discovered

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A tadpole fossil found in Argentina, dating back at least 161 million years, is the oldest that has ever been discovered.

The fossil was found back in January 2020, with news of the discovery published on Oct. 30, 2024, in Nature.

The team was not necessarily in search of what they found and came upon their monumental discovery by accident. 

The fossil found in Argentina is the oldest of its kind ever found. The fossil shared similarities to today’s tadpoles. (iStock)

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The team was actually on the hunt for dinosaur fossils, according to National Geographic. 

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What they ended up finding was the oldest-known fossil of a tadpole on a piece of sandstone, according to The Associated Press.

The fossil contained parts of the tadpole’s skull and backbone, as well as impressions of eyes and nerves, according to the source. 

Frog spawn

Frogs go through stages of growth known as metamorphosis. (iStock)

«It’s not only the oldest tadpole known, but also the most exquisitely preserved,» said study author Mariana Chuliver, a biologist at Buenos Aires’ Maimonides University, per AP. 

«It’s starting to help narrow the timeframe in which a frog becomes a frog,» said Ben Kligman, a paleontologist at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History who was not part of the research, according to the source. 

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The tadpole discovered belongs to the Jurassic species Notobatrachus degiustoi, according to the published research, and provides a greater understanding of the evolution of the life cycle of a frog.  

The fossil shared similar characteristics to a modern-day tadpole. Similarities include «the filter-feeding mechanism characteristic» that is present in tadpoles still in existence today, according to the research. 

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Tadpoles swimming in a stream

«The filter-feeding mechanism characteristic» displayed by the fossil stood out as a similarity between the ancient tadpole and modern-day ones. (iStock)

The exceptionally large tadpole fossil measured to be about six inches in length. 

Modern frogs range greatly in size. The largest frog species surviving today is the Goliath frog. 

Though the tadpoles belonging to these species generally fall in line with other frog species in terms of size, they can grow to be a whopping 12.5 inches, according to San Diego Zoo’s website. These massive frogs can weigh up to 7.2 pounds, per the source. 

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As for the tadpole fossil recently studied, there was no doubting what it was upon discovery, but further investigation began to reveal more about the record-breaking find.  

«When I first saw the fossil, I said, ‘Okay, it is a tadpole, there is no doubt,’» Chuliver said, per NPR. «But then when I saw it under the binocular microscope, I said, ‘Okay, this is the best tadpole ever!’ Because up to now, there wasn’t any other type of fossil tadpole with the gill skeleton preserved.»

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Protesters storm Putin-backed parliament in Georgia breakaway region

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Protesters on Friday stormed the parliament of the Russian-backed government in the breakaway region of Abkhazia in Georgia and have demanded the resignation of the pro-Kremlin leader President Aslan Bzhania.

A truck was used to smash through metal gates surrounding the government building in the capital city of Sukhumi, and images of the riot show protesters then climbing through the windows and chanting in the halls, according to information sent to Fox News Digital by the East 2 West news outlet.

Russian officials said they were monitoring the «crisis situation» and urged citizens to avoid traveling to the region, Reuters reported Friday.

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Abkhazia erupts in protests as parliament is stormed over a Russian property deal, fueling fears of Moscow’s control, Nov. 15, 2024 (Photo provided by East 2 West News)

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Moscow has had a vested interest in the region given its immense economic support since it first recognized Abkhazia, along with the region of South Ossetia, as independent from Georgia following its 2008 invasion. 

Protesters originally intended to demand that Bzhania drop an investment agreement that critics argue would have paved the way for wealthy Russians to buy up property in the region by easily out-pricing the local residents, reports said Friday.

This pool photograph distributed by Russian state-owned agency Sputnik shows Aslan Bzhania, the leader of Georgian breakaway region of Abkhazia, arriving for a welcoming ceremony led by the Russian President prior to a military parade, which marks the 75th anniversary of the Soviet victory over Nazi Germany in World War Two, in Moscow on June 24, 2020. 

This pool photograph distributed by Russian state-owned agency Sputnik shows Aslan Bzhania, the leader of Georgian breakaway region of Abkhazia, arriving for a welcoming ceremony led by the Russian President prior to a military parade, which marks the 75th anniversary of the Soviet victory over Nazi Germany in World War Two, in Moscow on June 24, 2020.  (Photo by Alexy Nikolsky/Pool/AFP via Getty Images)

But according to one opposition leader, Temur Gulia, the protest has morphed into an overall demand that Bzhania step down from the presidency, which he has held since 2020, Reuters reported.

He is not believed to have been in the parliamentary building at the time of the ambush. 

The presidential administration reportedly said in a statement that authorities were preparing to withdraw the investment agreement, but another opposition leader, Eshsou Kakalia, maintained that the protesters would not leave until Bzhania steps down.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin attends a plenary session of the Eastern Economic Forum in Vladivostok, Russia September 5, 2024.  (Kirill Kazachkov/Roscongress Foundation via Reuters.)

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If Bzhania were to step down, he would be the third leader to do so in Abkhazia since 2008.

«The Abkhazians don’t want to rejoin Georgia,» Will Stewart of East 2 West News explained to Fox News Digital. «They fought a bloody war against this, after all, or their fathers did.

«But nor do they want their culture and distinctive way of life overrun by super-rich Russians buying them up. And this is the risk now,» he added. 

Stewart explained that Western sanctions on Russia over its war in Ukraine have likely prompted wealthy Russians to look to the beaches of Abkhazia for their new vacation destinations, but this is being met with opposition by the locals there.

Reports in late August 2008 suggested that separatist supporters in the regions championed the recognition by Moscow, and it remains unclear whether there has been a shift in attitude toward the Kremlin following its invasion of Ukraine nearly three years ago.

The majority of nations across the globe do not recognize the breakaway region as separate from Georgia, and Moscow’s decision to do so under former Russian President Dmitry Medvedev sparked outcry from then President George W. Bush, who said the move was «irresponsible.»

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Abkhazia Georgia protests

Abkhazia erupts in protests as parliament is stormed over Russian property deal, fueling fears of Moscow’s control, November 15, 2024 (Photo provided by East 2 West News)

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Similarly, then-Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel argued that it violated the U.N.’s «understanding of the principle of territorial integrity and the fundamental international rights of nations» and said it was «unacceptable.»

The move, which came just weeks after Russian invaded Georgia, largely signified a fundamental shift in the era of post-Cold War cooperation between the West and Russia. 

But despite strong condemnation from Western leaders in 2008, the West’s altogether muted response to the violation of Georgia’s territorial integrity essentially paved the way for Russia’s uninhibited invasion of Ukraine, first in 2014 and again in 2022. 


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