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How Nazi war criminal Josef Mengele evaded capture in Latin America, revealed in declassified files
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Documents revealing how infamous Nazi doctor Josef Mengele, known as the «Angel of Death,» led an open post-war life in Argentina were found among a massive trove of evidence released and declassified earlier this year by President Javier Milei.
Mengele was notorious for his role as a commander in Auschwitz, where he conducted brutal medical experiments on prisoners, especially twins, under the guise of scientific research. Eyewitnesses — including some contained in the declassified Argentine files — describe his extremely cold-blooded and macabre, sadistic nature, including torturing and testing on twins in front of one another after sending their parents to the gas chambers.
An entire binder is dedicated exclusively to following the footsteps of infamous Auschwitz doctor and SS commander Mengele.
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The declassified archives show Argentina clearly understood by the mid- to late 1950s who Mengele was and that he was actually present in the country. Authorities knew he had entered the country in 1949 using an Italian passport issued under the name Helmut Gregor, which he used as the basis for obtaining an official immigrant ID card in 1950.
Argentina’s archival material sheds light on the networks that sheltered Mengele. Though heavily fragmented and multilingual — featuring Spanish, German, Portuguese and English documents — the archive provides a snapshot of how authorities tracked, archived, mishandled and often took no action regarding the information they had about one of the world’s most wanted war criminals.
The collection contains photographs, intelligence notes, immigration records, surveillance reports and correspondence, reflecting decades of investigation and efforts to understand the network that helped him move across Argentina, Paraguay and ultimately Brazil. The presence of German-language documents indicates the incorporation of foreign intelligence or materials seized from émigré communities; Portuguese elements suggest cross-border coordination with Brazilian sources; English notes point to communication with U.S. or British agencies.
The files contain an undated press clipping of an Argentine citizen born in Poland, José Furmanski, who was a victim of Mengele, showing Argentinian intelligence were aware of the accusations against the Nazi criminal.
«I met Mengele. I knew him well. I saw him many times in the Auschwitz camp, with his SS colonel’s uniform and, on top of it, the white doctor’s coat,» says Furmanski in the interview.
An Argentine file on Josef Mengele, left, and a photo taken by a police photographer in 1956 in Buenos Aires for Mengele’s Argentine identification document. (General Archives of the Government of Argentina/Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)
The interview goes on to explain that Furmanski, who had a twin, gave his vivid testimony of the experiences performed on them. The report labeled Mengele as a pathological sadist.
«He gathered twins of all ages in the camp and subjected them to experiments that always ended in death. Between the children, the elderly, and women… what horrors. I saw him separate a mother from her daughter and send one to certain death. We will never forget,» Furmanski said.
Dozens of scanned images without embedded text and internal labeling of hundreds of pages signal a systematic effort by Argentine intelligence to compile a complete personal file of Mengele, including copies of foreign passports under aliases, photographs of suspected associates, handwritten operational notes, immigration ledgers or border-crossing logs, investigative summaries prepared for political superiors and correspondence between Argentine officers and international investigators.
The files corroborate Argentina’s ambiguous postwar position of cooperating with Western democracies, extremely disjointed bureaucracy, lack of will or understanding regarding the serious nature of crimes committed by former Nazis in its territory, and a reluctance by higher-hierarchy authorities to confront how deeply Nazi fugitives were embedded within the country’s social and political landscape.
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In 1956, trying to expand his business partnership, he obtained a legalized copy of his original birth certificate from the West German Embassy in Buenos Aires, requested his ID be judicially amended to reflect his real biographical data and — surreally — began using his original legal name, a sign of how safe he felt in Argentina.
Argentine agencies by this point not only knew who he was, where he lived, and the fact that he married his brother’s widow and was raising their son, but also had full details regarding his business interests in the country. Reports in the files cite a possible visit by Mengele’s father to Argentina to help him financially, investing in a medical laboratory business in Buenos Aires.
This file picture of 1956 shows the WWII war criminal Josef Mengele. Archaeologists in Berlin have unearthed a large number of human bones from a site close to where Nazi scientists carried out research on body parts of death camp victims sent to them by sadistic SS doctor Mengele. (AP Photo, file)
The overt nature of his life in the country prompted West Germany to issue an arrest warrant and request his extradition in 1959, which was denied without further action by a local judge, citing that the request was unofficially based on «political persecution» of Mengele, which didn’t allow for the case to be taken up.
Despite all the hard evidence accumulated, it is clear that the information was fragmented among various different agencies that did not fully communicate with one another. There was also a lack of direct communication with the country’s presidency and executive branches. This led to action on the case being decided in a disconnected manner, and often too late — or after press leaks had already alerted Mengele of possible concern by authorities — to yield fruitful results. Arrest warrants, searches, and surveillance requests were often carried out or decided after the fact, leading to dead ends.
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Dr. Josef Mengele, center, with Richard Baer, left, commandant of Auschwitz,and Rudolf Hoess, former Auschwitz commandant, outside the concentration camp in 1944. (Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)
After the 1959 extradition request and with increased international pressure on Argentina, Mengele escaped the country to Paraguay, while his wife and stepson moved to Switzerland.
This is evident from a memo from the Federal Coordinate Directorate marked as strictly secret and confidential detailing a search for Mengele and his business interests dated July 12, 1960 — a point when Mengele had already left Argentina for Paraguay.
«I bring to the knowledge of the Chief that from the investigations carried out in order to fulfill the referenced O.B., it follows that JOSÉ MENGELE, served as a partner of the medical laboratories ‘FADRO-FARM’ located at Drysdale 3573 Street, in Carapachay, District of Vicente López, and with offices, since July of this year, at Cramer 860 Street, Capital. The subject, listed as a medical doctor, was entered into the firm on July 10, 1958, as a contributing partner of $10,000 pesos in capital, and withdrew from the partnership in April of 1959,» the report stated.
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«Since entering Argentina, the subject resided on the property of the Mengeles, using the name of Dr. GREGOR […], the subject manifested that he had arrived in Argentina using a different name and distinct from his profession […]. Thus, it appears that, while maintaining his real name, the subject belonged to the SS Society […] during which time he demonstrated being nervous, having stated that during the war he acted as a physician in the German S.S., in Czechoslovakia, where the Red Cross labeled him a ‘war criminal.’ He had studied Anthropology and was known to the Justice in the courts of Nuremberg, especially regarding the study of skulls and bones, but that union was considered a crime in National Socialist Germany,» the report states about Mengele when, in the course of changing his name from his fake alias to his real identity, the Nazi «explained» his motives for originally not using his real identity, it said.
Argentina’s intelligence community kept following Mengele, mostly through press reports and contacts with foreign agencies. Mengele acquired Paraguayan citizenship and was protected by the government of Paraguayan dictator Alfredo Stroessner, whose family originated in the same Bavarian town as him.
The archives reveal Mengele entered Brazil clandestinely at some point in 1960 through the tri-border area near Paraná state. He was helped by German Brazilian farmers who were Nazi sympathizers and provided multiple rural safehouses for several years.
Though the Argentine files are thin on details and rely heavily on media clippings at this point, Argentina was aware that Mengele had adopted the alias Peter Hochbichler, though sometimes he also used a Portuguese version of his real name — José Mengele. For the latter part of the 1960s and throughout the 1970s, he began living in properties belonging to the German Bossert and Stammer families in São Paulo state, Brazil.
A police officer stands in front of a cache of Nazi artifacts discovered in 2017, during a press conference in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Oct. 2, 2019. (Natacha Pisarenko/AP Photo)
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Mengele died in 1979 when he suffered a stroke while swimming at sea in the coastal town of Bertioga. He was buried under the false name of Wolfgang Gerhardt, but multiple leads led to his body being exhumed and his remains being positively identified by Brazilian authorities in 1985. DNA testing further confirmed the findings in 1992.
anti semitism,latin america,holocaust,world war two
INTERNACIONAL
Tensión en Yemen: los separatistas ratificaron que buscarán la independencia tras sus victorias en el campo de batalla
Las fuerzas separatistas del sur de Yemen han consolidado su control sobre amplias zonas del territorio este mes, intensificando los cambios en el mapa político de un país marcado por más de diez años de conflicto armado. Según declaraciones de Anwar Al-Tamimi, portavoz del Consejo de Transición del Sur (STC, por sus siglas en inglés), recogidas por AFP, el movimiento mantiene su objetivo de establecer un nuevo Estado, aunque la secesión se llevará a cabo únicamente cuando las circunstancias sean propicias. Los acontecimientos recientes han incrementado la determinación de los separatistas, quienes aseguran estar preparados para restaurar el antiguo Estado del sur en el momento que consideren adecuado, ya sea a corto, medio o largo plazo.
La ofensiva relámpago de diciembre permitió al STC tomar casi todo el territorio que abarcaba el antiguo Yemen del Sur, que existió como Estado independiente entre 1967 y 1990, antes de su unificación con el norte.
A pesar de una serie de ataques aéreos dirigidos contra sus posiciones y de la presión diplomática de Arabia Saudita para que cedan el control de las áreas recientemente capturadas, en especial las situadas a lo largo de la frontera meridional, el STC ha reiterado su intención de mantener y fortalecer sus posiciones. “Lo sucedido recientemente ha hecho que los sureños estén más decididos —psicológica y emocionalmente— a restaurar el Estado”, afirmó Tamimi en una entrevista en Abu Dabi con AFP. El portavoz subrayó que el calendario para la secesión dependerá de factores históricos, internacionales y regionales.
Fuentes citadas por AFP indican que los recientes logros militares del STC han sido motivo de incomodidad para Arabia Saudita, principal apoyo del gobierno yemení reconocido internacionalmente. Riad ha exigido en reiteradas ocasiones la retirada del STC de los territorios ocupados y ha intensificado sus operaciones aéreas en la zona. Además, la coalición saudí atacó el martes un presunto cargamento de armas procedente de los EAU en un puerto controlado por el STC y solicitó a Abu Dabi la retirada de sus fuerzas de Yemen en un plazo de 24 horas, a lo que los Emiratos accedieron.
La coalición liderada por los EAU que integra el STC mantiene desde hace años la aspiración de restablecer el Estado del Sur. Actualmente, el STC controla más territorio que cualquier otra facción individual en el fragmentado escenario político yemení.
Las tropas de Emiratos Árabes Unidos (EAU) comenzaron a abandonar este miércoles el aeropuerto internacional de Al Riyan-Mukalla, en la provincia de Hadramut, al este de Yemen, tras recibir un ultimátum de Arabia Saudita relacionado con el supuesto apoyo emiratí a los secesionistas del sur, según informó la televisión oficial yemení, medio bajo control del Gobierno reconocido internacionalmente. La retirada, que incluye el despegue de cuatro aviones de carga militar con cientos de soldados, equipo pesado y sistemas técnicos, se produce en un contexto de escalada de tensiones entre los gobiernos de Yemen y EAU, ambos miembros de la coalición militar liderada por Riad.
La televisión oficial yemení, que ayer había dado un plazo de 24 horas para la salida de las fuerzas emiratíes, afirmó que este movimiento busca “reorganizar el despliegue militar y garantizar la gestión de instalaciones vitales bajo el paraguas de la coalición militar” liderada por Arabia Saudita.
Imágenes de aviones militares despegando del aeropuerto de Al Riyan circularon en redes sociales y fueron citadas por la televisión yemení como corroboración de la retirada, aunque dichas imágenes no han podido ser verificadas de manera independiente. Hasta el momento, las autoridades de EAU no han realizado declaraciones públicas respecto a estos acontecimientos.
La retirada tiene lugar tras la decisión de Rashad al Alimi, líder del Consejo de Liderazgo Presidencial y máximo representante del Gobierno yemení, de cancelar un acuerdo de defensa con Abu Dabi y ordenar la salida inmediata de todas las fuerzas emiratíes del territorio yemení. Al Alimi instruyó además a las autoridades locales para que asumieran el control de las instalaciones militares y de seguridad que hasta ahora estaban bajo supervisión emiratí.
Las fricciones recientes han estado motivadas por el respaldo de EAU al Consejo de Transición del Sur (CTS), grupo separatista que controla extensas áreas del sur de Yemen, incluida Adén, sede provisional del Gobierno yemení tras la ocupación de Saná por los rebeldes hutíes hace más de una década. Tanto la coalición liderada por Arabia Saudita como oficiales yemeníes han acusado por primera vez a EAU de apoyar abiertamente a los secesionistas, debilitando las instituciones estatales y comprometiendo la estabilidad interna del país.
La tensión se agravó cuando la coalición saudí atacó la madrugada del martes un cargamento en el puerto de Mukalla procedente de EAU, que según la versión oficial contenía “armas y vehículos militares” introducidos “violando los procedimientos establecidos, sin autorización del Gobierno yemení ni del mando de la coalición”. Abu Dabi ha negado estas acusaciones.
(Con información de AFP y EFE)
Civil Conflict,Demonstrations,Riots,Middle East,Civil Unrest
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Crisis en Irán: en el cuarto día de protestas, manifestantes intentaron ingresar a un edificio gubernamental
Las protestas por la crisis económica en Irán alcanzaron su cuarto día consecutivo este miércoles, con manifestaciones que se extendieron desde Teherán a varias ciudades del país, en medio de una creciente tensión entre los manifestantes y las fuerzas de seguridad.
Las movilizaciones, iniciadas el domingo en el principal mercado de telefonía móvil de la capital, han involucrado a estudiantes universitarios, comerciantes y diversos sectores sociales, motivados por la caída del rial, una inflación interanual del 52% y la dificultad de acceder a bienes básicos, según informaron la agencia estatal IRNA y el diario local Etemad.
Durante la jornada del miércoles, un edificio gubernamental en la ciudad de Fasa, al sur del país, fue atacado. Hamed Ostovar, responsable del poder judicial local, declaró a la agencia Mizan del Ministerio de Justicia que “una parte de la puerta y el vidrio de la oficina del gobernador provincial fueron destruidos en un ataque por varias personas”, sin detallar cómo se llevó a cabo el incidente. Estas acciones ocurrieron después de que el fiscal general, Mohammad Movahedi-Azad, reconociera la legitimidad de las demandas económicas, aunque advirtió en declaraciones recogidas por medios estatales que cualquier intento de convertir las protestas en actos de inseguridad o destrucción recibiría “una respuesta legal, proporcional y decisiva”.
En ciudades del oeste como Hamadán y Kuhdasht, cientos de manifestantes corearon consignas contra las autoridades, incluyendo frases como “muerte al dictador”, según imágenes difundidas por la ONG opositora Hrana. Las fuerzas antimotines respondieron con gases lacrimógenos y, en Kuhdasht, los videos muestran disparos de las fuerzas de seguridad; hasta el momento no se han reportado heridos o fallecidos. También se registraron concentraciones en Gánave, Dorud y Aligudarz. Las protestas han permanecido principalmente en el centro de Teherán, con otras áreas de la capital funcionando con normalidad, según IRNA.
El contexto de las protestas está marcado por la persistente presión de sanciones internacionales de Estados Unidos y la ONU sobre el programa nuclear iraní, así como por el deterioro acelerado del poder adquisitivo: la moneda nacional ha perdido un 69% de su valor frente al dólar durante 2025. El impacto de la crisis se refleja en testimonios como el de un manifestante entrevistado por el diario Etemad, quien afirmó: “Aquí todos pelean por un trozo de pan”.
Las autoridades iraníes han decretado un feriado bancario y la suspensión de actividades en escuelas y oficinas públicas, con el argumento de ahorrar energía debido al frío, aunque no han vinculado oficialmente la medida a la ola de protestas. Las universidades Beheshti y Allameh Tabataba’i anunciaron la transición a clases virtuales durante la próxima semana, según la agencia estatal IRNA.
El régimen de Irán ha acusado reiteradamente a actores extranjeros de incitar las protestas, luego de que la agencia de inteligencia Mossad de Israel publicara en redes sociales un mensaje de apoyo a los manifestantes. El mensaje, emitido en la cuenta en persa de X, alentó a los iraníes a “salir juntos a las calles”. Irán no reconoce a Israel y sostiene que este país ha perpetrado actos de sabotaje y asesinatos de científicos en su territorio.
Aunque las actuales protestas mantienen un alcance limitado en comparación con las movilizaciones masivas de 2022, desencadenadas por la muerte de Mahsa Amini bajo custodia policial, y las de 2019 tras el aumento del precio de la gasolina, la situación económica sigue siendo el principal motor de la indignación social, con movilizaciones que involucran tanto a comerciantes como a estudiantes y ciudadanos afectados por la inflación y la devaluación del rial.
(Con información de AFP y EFE)
demonstration,forex,horizontal,politics,sanction
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FIRST ON FOX: Soon-to-be Virginia Democratic Gov. Abigail Spanberger has tapped the former «chief brand strategist» for Rep. Jasmine Crockett, D-Texas, to serve in the state’s top diversity, equity and inclusion role.
In a Tuesday statement, Spanberger, who takes office on Jan. 17, announced she is appointing Dr. Sesha Joi Moon to serve as Virginia’s chief diversity officer and director of diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Spanberger said that Moon’s «experience across government, education, and the nonprofit sectors gives her firsthand insight into the ways in which we can build a stronger, safer, and more prosperous Virginia for every family.»
«I’m excited to announce that Dr. Moon is joining our administration,» said Spanberger, adding, «Virginia deserves leaders who will make sure our work to grow our Commonwealth’s economy keeps the needs of all Virginians in mind.»
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Virginia Democratic Governor-elect Abigail Spanberger celebrates as she takes the stage during her election night rally at the Greater Richmond Convention Center on Nov. 04, 2025. (Win McNamee/Getty Images)
«When every Virginian has the opportunity to reach their full potential, it benefits all of us,» she said.
Moon, whose doctorates are in public administration and policy and self-identifies as a «Black queer woman,» responded to her appointment by saying she is looking «forward to joining the cabinet of Governor-elect Abigail Spanberger as her historic administration works to advance a future in which all Virginians have access to opportunity — to include residents from some of the hardest-to-reach communities throughout the Commonwealth.»
Moon most recently served as the chief impact officer for the Girl Scouts of the USA. Before that, through her private consultant practice Moon & Associates, she worked as the «chief brand strategist» for Crockett, a radical far-left Democrat who is currently running for the U.S. Senate in Texas.
Earlier this year, Moon appeared on a 40-minute podcast episode, where she defended the importance of DEI and delivered a direct message to critics, saying, «This work has not stopped. You can defund and dismantle all you want, but the work continues.»
«I’m excited. I feel like DEI is just getting started,» Moon continued. «I know that sounds so insane to some people because some people think our discipline is crumbling, and I don’t see it like that. I feel like we’re onto something here.»
VIRGINIA’S GHAZALA HASHMI BECOMES FIRST MUSLIM ELECTED STATEWIDE IN THE OLD DOMINION
Rep. Jasmine Crockett, D-Texas, a member of the House Judiciary Committee, arrives on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., on Wednesday, Dec. 17, 2025. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)
Moon also served as executive-in-residence with two-time failed Georgia gubernatorial candidate Stacey Abrams’ American Pride Rises Network, a DEI advocacy network.
Before that, she was the chief diversity officer of the U.S. House of Representatives during the 117th & 118th Congresses under Speakers Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., and Mike Johnson, R-La.
Spanberger won a decisive electoral victory this November, defeating Republican Lt. Gov. Winsome Earle-Sears by a margin of over 10 percentage points.
PRO-POLICE GROUP ASKS DOJ TO PROBE SOROS-BACKED VIRGINIA PROSECUTOR USING BIDEN-ERA LAW ONCE AIMED AT COPS
Then Republican Virginia gubernatorial candidate Winsome Earle-Sears speaks at a CPAC Latino Rally for Virginia on October 25, 2025 in Sterling, Virginia. (Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)
Considered a purple state, Spanberger’s victory returns the Virginia governor’s mansion to the Democrats after being held by Republican Gov. Glenn Youngkin.
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Fox News Digital reached out to Spanberger, Moon, Crockett, Abrams and the Girl Scouts of the USA for comment but did not receive a response by the time of publication.
abigail spanberger,virginia,woke,democratic party,dei
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