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Mamuts lanudos en lugares inesperados: por qué el hallazgo de un molar desafía el conocimiento previo

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El diente de mamut lanudo hallado en Nunavut redefine la distribución de la especie en América del Norte – (REUTERS)

Luego de que se haya encontrado el diente de mamut en Long Island, Nunavut, registrado en 1878, modificó el conocimiento sobre la distribución de estos animales en el continente. En la actualidad, un equipo de investigadores de McGill University reclasificó el fósil, anteriormente atribuido a un mamut colombiano, identificándolo como perteneciente a un mamut lanudo (Mammuthus primigenius), según un estudio publicado en el Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences.

Este diente representa el registro más nororiental de la especie en América del Norte y amplía considerablemente el rango geográfico previamente conocido de los mamuts lanudos. El fósil, hallado cerca de donde confluyen las bahías de Hudson y James, fue descrito por Robert Bell, entonces director del Geological Survey of Canada.

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La identificación actual se basa en un análisis morfológico detallado, que determinó que se trata del tercer molar superior izquierdo de un mamut lanudo, adaptado a climas fríos y no al clima templado asociados al mamut colombiano, como se había estimado inicialmente.

Investigadores de McGill University identifican
Investigadores de McGill University identifican el fósil como el registro más nororiental de mamut lanudo en el continente – (Imagen Ilustrativa Infobae)

El trabajo dirigido por Louis-Philippe Bateman, con la colaboración de Hans Larsson, combinó varias técnicas modernas para confirmar la especie. De acuerdo con el Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, los investigadores examinaron la forma y el desgaste dental, realizaron dataciones radiocarbónicas y analizaron isótopos estables de oxígeno, nitrógeno y carbono.

El estudio incluyó el muestreo de esmalte y colágeno, en una práctica que Bateman describió como “odontología de alto riesgo en restos fósiles valiosos”, según explicó a McGill University. El análisis isotópico permitió estimar la antigüedad y las condiciones ambientales vividas por el animal. El diente mostró una edad radiocarbónica calibrada superior a 39.800 años.

Sin embargo, datos geológicos y paleoclimáticos indican que el mamut existió probablemente entre hace 130.000 y 100.000 años, durante el periodo interglacial MIS 5e. Los isótopos de oxígeno presentes en el esmalte sugieren que la temperatura media anual del área rondaba los 2,1 ℃ (35,8 ℉), comparable al clima actual de Long Island durante los periodos más cálidos.

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La dieta del mamut lanudo
La dieta del mamut lanudo se basaba en gramíneas y plantas de tundra, propias de ambientes glaciares – (Imagen Ilustrativa Infobae)

El análisis del colágeno del diente mostró que el mamut se alimentaba sobre todo de plantas propias de la tundra, como gramíneas y otras especies adaptadas al frío. Este tipo de dieta es característica de los ambientes glaciares. Además, los valores elevados de nitrógeno encontrados indican que el animal atravesó un periodo de escasez de alimento, lo que llevó a que su organismo utilizara reservas internas para mantenerse con vida. Según el equipo de McGill University, estos datos reflejan que el mamut experimentó estrés nutricional poco antes de morir.

La corrección en la clasificación del fósil, junto con la información obtenida, no solo permite ampliar el mapa de la distribución de los mamuts lanudos, sino que también resalta el papel fundamental de las colecciones de museos en la ciencia.

El espécimen, conservado durante casi 150 años en el Canadian Museum of Nature, ha permitido revelar detalles sobre la adaptación y la supervivencia de especies extintas frente a variaciones climáticas. Bateman destacó que aún queda mucho por investigar en el este de Canadá y que la confirmación de la presencia de mamuts lanudos en la zona incentiva la búsqueda de nuevos fósiles en ubicaciones poco habituales.

Este caso demuestra que los restos conservados en museos pueden ofrecer información científica significativa incluso después de más de un siglo. Los estudios sobre fósiles históricos facilitan la comprensión de la evolución y la respuesta de los organismos ante los cambios medioambientales a lo largo del tiempo, y advierten sobre la importancia de preservar y analizar las colecciones científicas para futuros descubrimientos.

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El Oscar 2026 a mejor película extranjera no es solo una competencia entre ‘Valor sentimental’ y ‘El agente secreto’

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Tráiler de ‘Valor sentimental’, de Joachim Trier, protagonizada por Renate Reinsve, Stellan Skarsgård, Inga Ibsdotter Lilleaas y Elle Fanning

Valor sentimental de Joachim Trier (Noruega) y El agente secreto de Kleber Mendonça Filho (Brasil) son las grandes favoritas para llevarse el Oscar a “mejor película extranjera”, por encima de Sirat, de Oliver Laxe (España), Fue solo un accidente, de Jafar Panahi (Irán, aunque representa a Francia) y La voz de Hind Rajab (Túnez). Subyacente a los pronósticos y antecedentes de cada una de estas notables películas (todas lo son, en su estilo y formas), subyace un cambio de paradigma en la elección de la Academia de Artes y Ciencias Cinematográficas de Hollywood: el cine del mundo se impone por peso propio.

La edición 98 de los premios de cine más famosos del mundo, con 23 producciones internacionales entre los 50 títulos nominados —de los cuales solo 17 calificaron como completamente extranjeras—, sostiene la tendencia marcada desde la deconstrucción de la anterior categoría de “película en lengua extranjera”. En los últimos seis años, el dato histórico indica que cinco de los seis ganadores del premio británico BAFTA a mejor película internacional repitieron triunfo en los Oscar, una correlación que aumentó la presión sobre los productores y distribuidoras involucrados en la carrera.

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A nivel de industria, lo singular de 2026 consistió en la inédita distribución de nominaciones: Valor sentimental tiene nueve candidaturas, incluidas mención para Trier como director, nominaciones individuales de actuación para Renate Reinsve, Stellan Skarsgård, Elle Fanning e Inga Ibsdotter Lilleaas. Ningún otro largometraje no angloparlante alcanzó tal apoyo, un indicador clave del grado de penetración de los títulos internacionales fuera de su categoría asignada. También, el thriller político brasileño de Mendonça Filho acumula cuatro nominaciones, incluida una histórica candidatura para Wagner Moura como mejor actor.

Tráiler de «El agente secreto», de Kleber Mendonça Filho

La obtención del BAFTA a mejor película internacional por parte de Valor sentimental resulta determinante para los pronósticos de industria: el premio británico, cada vez más alineado con los Oscar desde la apertura del voto a todos los miembros, otorgó al drama familiar de Joachim Trier una proyección estadística superior a la de cualquier otro contendiente. La notable presencia de películas co-producidas entre Estados Unidos y mercados extranjeros, como Bugonia y Hamnet además, instaura una división en la contabilidad de lo internacional: el conteo estricto arroja dos títulos plenamente foráneos entre los diez aspirantes principales, mismo saldo que en el ciclo anterior.

La Academia, tras la ola crítica precipitada en 2015 por la campaña #Oscarssowhite y la publicación de la composición demográfica de su membresía por el diario Los Angeles Times, implementó desde 2020 criterios explícitos de diversidad que comenzaron a impactar la construcción de las nominaciones a partir de 2024. La propia institución pasó de un 94% de miembros blancos en 2012 a un 35% de mujeres y un 20% perteneciente a minorías raciales o étnicas, configuración que, según analistas de la publicación online Vulture, favoreció un panel de candidaturas más abierto a cinematografías extranjeras.

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Joachim Trier, director de ‘Valor sentimental’, posa con el premio a mejor director en los European Film Awards 2026 (Foto: REUTERS/Nadja Wohlleben)

El debate sobre el carácter “local” o global de los Oscar ha redefinido sus estándares en los últimos cinco años. En la edición 2026, el número total de filmes internacionales —23 sobre 50 nominados— marca el salto respecto a ciclos anteriores dominados por producciones netamente estadounidenses y de habla inglesa. Esta transición cristaliza el nuevo equilibrio entre el peso de la industria hollywoodense y la cada vez mayor visibilidad de propuestas no angloparlantes.

La participación consecutiva de títulos extranjeros en la terna a mejor película principal, sumada a los precedentes de 2024 —cuando Anatomía de una caída (Francia) y La Zona de Interés (Reino Unido) lograron nominación en esa rama— y al hito de Parasitos en 2020, expuso la aceleración de un proceso que la propia Academia promovió mediante modificaciones reglamentarias e impulso al voto corporativo sobre el sectorial.

En ese contexto, la cita del director coreano Bong Joon Ho a Vulture en 2019 —“Los Oscar no son un festival internacional de cine. Son muy locales”— iluminó la distancia recorrida: desde 2020, ningún año ha estado exento de presencia internacional en la máxima categoría. El modelo “más internacional” planteado por la Academia en 2026 parece consolidarse como la nueva norma estadística del premio.

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Transactional partners: How 200-year distrust shapes Russia’s response to the Iran conflict

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In March 2026, as the smoke cleared over Tehran following the U.S.-Israeli campaign against Iran’s leadership, Russia’s response was strikingly restrained. Despite a 20-year strategic partnership treaty signed with Tehran just last year, Moscow limited its reaction to condemnation and calls for diplomacy. 

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Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov confirmed that Russia had received no request from Iran for military assistance. «There were no requests from Iran in this case,» Peskov told reporters on March 5th.

For analysts who study the relationship between Moscow and Tehran, the moment felt familiar. «The relationship has always been transactional,» said Ksenia Svetlova, executive director of the Regional Organization for Peace, Economy and Security (ROPES) and an associate fellow at Chatham House. «Russia does what serves its own interests.»

While Iran and Russia have moved closer in recent years — particularly after Moscow’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine — experts say the partnership has never resembled a true alliance. Instead, they say, it reflects a long history of cooperation shaped by convenience, rivalry and shifting geopolitical needs.

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HEGSETH WARNS RUSSIA AS SIGNS POINT TO MOSCOW SHARING INTEL WITH IRAN

Russian President Vladimir Putin, left, greets Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi prior to their talks at the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia, Monday, June 23, 2025. (Alexander Kazakov, Sputnik, Kremlin Pool Photo via AP)

The Shadow of Turkmenchay

The uneasy relationship between the two powers stretches back nearly two centuries. In 1828, the Treaty of Turkmenchay forced Persia to cede large parts of the Caucasus to the Russian Empire after a military defeat. The treaty remains one of the most painful symbols of foreign domination in Iranian political memory.

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In the twentieth century, Russia’s relationship with Iran shifted dramatically. Before the 1979 Islamic Revolution, Moscow maintained relatively stable ties with Iran under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. «It actually had good relations with the Shah who visited Moscow after World War II,» Svetlova said.

«But Communist Russia was very suspicious of Islamist Iran after the 1979 revolution,» said Svetlova. It was a mutual distrust; Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini denounced both Cold War superpowers, calling the United States the «Great Satan» and the Soviet Union the «Lesser Satan.» 

Even during the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980s, the Soviet Union maintained ties with Tehran while simultaneously supplying weapons to Iraq. «The Soviet Union was very suspicious of Islamist Iran,» Svetlova said. «Even after the revolution, the relationship could not really be considered an alliance.»

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AS UKRAINE WAR DRAGS ON, TRUMP HITS PUTIN BY SQUEEZING RUSSIA’S PROXIES

Naval units from Iran and Russia

Iran uses Russia exercises to reposition strike drones in Strait of Hormuz, a defense expert said. (Iranian Army/Handout/Anadolu via Getty Images)

The Drone Marriage

In recent years, however, geopolitical pressures pushed the two countries closer together. Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 created new military cooperation between Moscow and Tehran. 

Though Russia and Iran have not shared a land border since the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union, they remain «neighbors» via the Caspian Sea. This «blue border» became a vital artery in 2022 when Iran supplied the Shahed-series drones used in Ukraine, that Russia has used extensively in attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure.

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Vice Adm. Robert S. Harward, a retired Navy SEAL and former deputy commander of U.S. Central Command, said the partnership has had direct consequences on the battlefield. «Sadly, the world is just now getting a taste of Iranian drones. But there’s one group that already knows them well, the Christians in Ukraine,» Harward said. «Close to 600 Ukrainian churches have been destroyed by Russian attacks, including from the Iranian Shahed drones.»

The wreckage of a Shahed-136 drone lies on display among other damaged weapons collected as evidence in Kharkiv.

The remains of a Russian-made, Iran-designed Shahed-136 drone, known in Russia as a Geran-2, are displayed with other recovered drones, glide bombs, missiles and rockets in Kharkiv on July 30, 2025. (Scott Peterson/Getty Images)

Carrie Filipetti, executive director of the Vandenberg Coalition and a former deputy assistant secretary of state, argued that Russia’s continued use of Iranian drones against Ukrainian targets underscores the depth of the military relationship, while its calls for restraint in the current conflict highlight a fundamental contradiction. «If Russia were serious about peace, we would see a ceasefire with Ukraine months ago,» she said. «Yet, Putin continues to attack Ukrainian cities, churches and civilians with Iranian drones day after day.»

And yet, Russia’s dependence on Iranian drones during the early stages of the Ukraine war has also diminished as Moscow built its own production capacity. A report cited by the Washington Post found that Russia has «transitioned from importing Iranian Shahed drones to mass-manufacturing them» under the name Geran-2.

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Limits and Intelligence

War Secretary Pete Hegseth said Tuesday that Russia «should not be involved» in the escalating conflict between the United States, Israel and Iran, as reports that Russia has provided information that could help Iran identify U.S. military assets in the Middle East emerged. Moscow has not publicly confirmed the claims. 

«I believe Russia is providing Iran intelligence to more effectively target Americans, our allies and partners in the CENTCOM region,» said Lt. Gen. Richard Y. Newton III, a retired Air Force officer who served as assistant vice chief of staff of the U.S. Air Force. «It’s absolutely clear Russia is not our friend.»

IRAN LAUNCHES SATELLITES ON RUSSIAN ROCKETS AS MOSCOW-TEHRAN TIES DEEPEN

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joint Navy exercise of Iran, China and Russia

Members of the Iranian Navy attend the joint Navy exercise of Iran, China and Russia in the Gulf of Oman, Iran, in this handout image obtained on March 12, 2025.  (Iranian Army/WANA (West Asia News Agency)/Handout via Reuters)

«They are doing for the Iranians without spending money, spending troops or spending equipment,» Svetlova added. «They share knowledge. They supplied the Iranians with a target list, basically, through their satellites – American targets, but also air targets in the Gulf and Iraq.»

Harward argued that confronting this growing cooperation requires a broader strategy. «If we want to break the threat of the increasingly dangerous Russian-Iranian alliance, we need to fully decimate Iran’s capabilities to threaten our allies and the United States – and we need to continue to support Ukraine and get Europeans to do their part,» he said.

Filipetti remains skeptical of Moscow’s role as a mediator. «The idea that Russia would call on the U.S. and Israel to cease military operations against the regime in Iran and suggest that we should negotiate is absurd,» Filipetti said.

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Vladimir Putin Ali Khamenei

Russian President Vladimir Putin (L) meets with Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei in Tehran. ((Photo by Dmitry AZAROV / SPUTNIK / AFP) (Photo by DMITRY AZAROV/SPUTNIK/AFP via Getty Images))

Although Russia is falling short of helping Iran in a straightforward military way, experts say the cooperation in the world of intelligence has been profound. 

Ultimately, Newton argued that Russia’s actions should be viewed through the lens of President Vladimir Putin’s broader geopolitical goals. «Putin only does what serves Putin, and right now escalating the war in the Middle East and driving up oil prices only serves his interests so he can continue to fund his war machine against Ukraine,» he said.

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Critical swing state candidates reveal where they stand on DHS funding after suspected terror attacks

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Four suspected terror attacks have taken place in the United States since the Department of Homeland Security was defunded in a partial government shutdown last month, including one in the state of Michigan where Fox News Digital reached out to all the major Senate candidates if they support funding DHS.

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Republican Mike Rogers, former chairman of the House Intelligence Committee, says he would be a «Yes» vote to re-open DHS and told Fox News Digital in an interview that «we needed all hands on deck» when the United States engaged in «defanging Iran» through military action and that a «life might depend on it.»

«This was an opportunity to have our law enforcement officers from immigration, from making sure that the Coast Guard’s up, the TSA is getting paid. This was an opportunity to stand up for America,» Rogers said. «It’s crazy to me that the Democrats just turned their back on safety and security of American citizens. They just turned their backs for some political purpose that they think is going to gain them votes in the fall. I’m disgusted by it. This is no time to play politics with people’s safety, and they’re doing it.»

Senate Democrats have voted four times over the past month to block Homeland Security funding because the bills include funding for Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Customs and Border Protection (CBP). Democrats say reforms are needed at those two DHS agencies following the fatal shootings earlier this year by federal immigration agents of two U.S. citizens in Minnesota who were protesting the Trump administration’s unprecedented illegal immigration crackdown.

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‘YOU CAN CRY ABOUT IT’: TEMPERS FLARE IN SENATE AS DHS SHUTDOWN DEBATE ERUPTS, STALEMATE DIGS DEEPER

Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., during a news conference following Senate Democrat policy luncheons at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C., March 3, 2026. (Graeme Sloan/Bloomberg via Getty Images)

Two Democrats, Sens. Elissa Slotkin and Gary Peters, are currently representing the state of Michigan in the U.S. Senate and both have so far voiced opposition to re-opening DHS. 

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The three top Democrats running in the August 4 primary to replace the retiring Peters struck a different tone than Rogers when contacted by Fox News Digital about their support of funding DHS. 

Progressive Democratic candidate Abdul El-Sayed, endorsed by Independent Sen. Bernie Sanders, did not specify how he would vote on DHS funding but told Fox News Digital that «if the Trump administration were serious about keeping Americans safe from terror, they would not be funding ICE at a level higher than the FBI, cutting counterterrorism funding, or keeping the FBI from informing local law enforcement about terror threats that emerge from their illegal and unjustified war.»

«Let’s not confuse issues.» 

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The other two top Democrats in the race, Mallory McMorrow and Haley Stevens, did not respond to requests for comment. 

TRUMP SAYS ‘WE’VE GOT OUR EYES ON’ IRANIAN SLEEPER CELLS IN US

On Thursday, as Democrats and Republicans clashed in Washington, D.C. over funding DHS, two separate attacks suspected of being related to terrorism or religious ideology occurred in the United States. 

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In Virginia, 36-year-old Mohamed Bailor Jalloh, a former Army National Guard soldier convicted of supporting ISIS, reportedly shouted, «Allahu Akbar» as he opened fire inside Old Dominion University, killing devoted ROTC instructor Lt. Col. Brandon Shah and injuring two others.

In Michigan, Ayman Mohamad Ghazali, 41, allegedly rammed his vehicle into Temple Israel, a large Reform synagogue in West Bloomfield, and opened fire at security guards with a rifle, authorities said. Armed security returned fire and shot him dead.

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Those attacks came shortly after 53-year-old Senegal-born Ndiaga Diagne killed three people after allegedly opening fire outside a bar in Austin, Texas while wearing a shirt that said «property of Allah.» 

Not long after that, in New York City, two suspects were arrested after allegedly throwing improvised explosive devices near Gracie Mansion during a protest, with one reportedly telling authorities he was inspired by ISIS. 

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