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The five smallest countries in the world cover less than 50 square miles combined
Countries around the world range greatly in size.
In fact, when you add up the area in square miles of the top five smallest countries in the world, that number is less than 50.
Vatican City is the smallest country in the world, followed by Monaco, Nauru, Tuvalu and San Marino, in that order.
Monaco, left, is second to Vatican City, right, as the world’s smallest country. (Sam Bagnall/LAT Images I Filippo Monteforte/AFP via Getty Images)
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Read more about the smallest countries in the world by area below.
- Vatican City
- Monaco
- Nauru
- Tuvalu
- San Marino
1. Vatican City
Vatican City is around 0.17 square miles and the smallest fully independent nation-state in the world.
The landlocked country is surrounded by Rome, and is the seat of the Roman Catholic Church.
Vatican City is governed by the Holy See, the government that oversees the Catholic Church, and is led by the pope.
Vatican City is the smallest country in the world. (Riccardo De Luca/Anadolu via Getty Images)
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Vatican City may be small, but it welcomes millions of visitors every year.
One of the most popular places to visit in Vatican City is St. Peter’s Basilica, which sits in the center of the tiny country.
2. Monaco
Monaco is the second-smallest country in the world, with an area of about 0.8 square miles.
Much of Monaco’s money comes from tourism.
The European country is a luxurious destination for tourists to visit, with beautiful beaches and breathtaking architecture filling the small country.
Monaco is a luxurious vacation spot for travelers. (Dinendra Haria/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)
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Monaco is also known for the historic Monaco Grand Prix, where cars race in Monte Carlo. This Formula 1 race happens every year, usually in late May.
Another popular destination often visited by tourists is the Monte Carlo Casino.
3. Nauru
The third-smallest country in the world is Nauru.
Nauru lies in the Pacific Ocean, and has a land area of just around 8.1 square miles.
In Nauru’s history, it has been used as a supply shop for European whalers, according to CIA.gov. Additionally, it was annexed by Germany in 1888, per the source, as well as captured by Australian forces following World War I, according to CIA.gov.
Nauru has a land area of just around 8.1 square miles. (Mike Leyral/AFP via Getty Images)
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Japan occupied Nauru during World War II, and it eventually became a U.N. Trust territory after the war under Australian administration, according to the source. Nauru claimed independence in 1968.
Phosphate was heavily mined in Nauru for many years, until mining officially ceased in 2006, CIA.gov states on its website.
Nauru joined the United Nations in 1999.
4. Tuvalu
Tuvalu has an area of about 10 square miles, making it the fourth-smallest country in the world.
Tuvalu is located in the South Pacific, and is composed of several atolls and reef islands.
The islands that make up Tuvalu are Nanumea, Nui, Nukufetau, Funafuti, Nukulaelae, Nanumanga, Niutao, Vaitupu and Niulakita.
Tuvalu is made up of several small islands. (Anthony Asael/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)
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Tuvalu gained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1978.
5. San Marino
San Marino is the largest country on this list, with an area of about 23.6 square miles.
San Marino is surrounded by Italy, with Mount Titano making up much of the small country’s landscape.
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Tourism is high in San Marino. Additionally, revenue is made through postage stamps and coins, which many collectors have an interest in, according to the BBC.
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Greenland’s center-right party pulls off upset victory as Trump seeks control
Greenland’s center-right Demokraatit party pulled off a surprise victory in the country’s parliamentary elections, taking Greenlandic Prime Minister Múte Egede’s party, Inuit Ataqatigiit, out of power. Independence from Denmark became a focal point of the election amid President Donald Trump’s repeated talk of the U.S. taking control.
«People want change … We want more business to finance our welfare,» said Jens-Frederik Nielsen, Demokraatit’s leader, according to Reuters. The outlet added that Nielsen said Greenland does not «want independence tomorrow» and would prefer separation from Denmark be based on a «good foundation.»
Leader of Demokraatit, Jens-Frederik Nielsen, reacts during the election party at cafe Killut in Nuuk, March 12, 2025. (Ritzau Scanpix/Mads Claus Rasmussen via REUTERS)
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Four of the five main parties on the ballot, including the ones that won first and second place, Demokraatit Party and Naleraq, favor independence from Denmark, but disagree on the pace. Greenland, whose population is approximately 57,000 people, currently operates as a semi-autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark. However, Trump’s renewed interest in the island sparked conversations about breaking away from the Danish crown.
Prime Minister Egede, whose party failed to maintain control, said in a Facebook post that he respects the outcome of the election and that the parties are ready for negotiations.
Danish Defense Minister Troels Lund Poulsen congratulated the Demokraatit Party and said the Greenlandic future would face «massive pressure» from Trump, according to the Associated Press, which cited Danish Broadcasting Corporation DR. Poulsen reportedly added that «the future of Greenland is based on what the Greenlandic people and government want.»
The Demokraatit Party saw a major increase in support, winning nearly 30% of the vote compared to just 9% in 2021, according to the Associated Press, which cited Greenlandic Broadcasting Corporation KNR TV.
Poster for Demokraatit, Jens-Frederik Nielsen, in front of Godthaabshallen where voting takes place in connection with the parliamentary election to Inatsisartut in Nuuk, Greenland, Tuesday, March 11, 2025. (Mads Claus Rasmussen/Ritzau Scanpix via AP)
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Earlier this month, Trump brought up Greenland in his address to a joint session of Congress.
«We strongly support your right to determine your own future, and, if you choose, we welcome you into the United States of America,» Trump said, eliciting laughter from the crowd. «We need Greenland for national security and even international security, and we’re working with everybody involved to try and get it… One way or the other, we’re going to get it.»
In the same address, Trump vowed that the U.S. would «take Greenland to heights like you have never thought possible before.»
Campaign posters hang outside of the polling station ahead of tomorrow’s general election on March 10, 2025 in Ilulissat, Greenland. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)
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During a January phone call with Trump, Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen said that Greenland must be allowed to make decisions about its own future. Both Prime Ministers Frederiksen and Egede told President Trump that «Greenland is not for sale,» Axios reported at the time.
In December 2024, then-President-elect Trump tapped Ken Howery as US ambassador to Denmark. Trump said in a post on Truth Social announcing the pick that «the United States of America feels that the ownership and control of Greenland is an absolute necessity.»
President Trump also eyed Greenland during his first term, causing friction between himself and Prime Minister Frederiksen. In 2019, after the Danish leader called the idea of the U.S. buying Greenland «absurd,» President Trump abruptly canceled his trip to Denmark over the «nasty» comment.
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