INTERNACIONAL
La doctrina de “China primero”: cómo la política exterior de Lula amenaza el equilibrio de Brasil
El presidente brasileño, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, presenta su batalla retórica con Estados Unidos como una lucha por la soberanía. Sin embargo, su creciente alineamiento con China revela una historia diferente. Al denunciar los aranceles estadounidenses como una afrenta al derecho de Brasil al autogobierno, evoca una poderosa narrativa populista de una nación que se mantiene firme frente a la imposición extranjera. Sin embargo, tras este desafío retórico se esconde un realineamiento geopolítico más profundo que podría colocar a Brasil en una situación precaria.
Lula se ha destacado por su reacción a los aranceles impuestos por el presidente Donald Trump. El 30 de julio, la Casa Blanca emitió una orden ejecutiva que elevaba los aranceles sobre muchos productos brasileños al 50%, con vigencia a partir del 6 de agosto. Si bien la medida se presentó como una respuesta a los cambios hostiles en la política exterior, bienes clave, como aeronaves civiles, productos energéticos y fertilizantes, quedaron excluidos de la medida. El presidente Lula ha explotado hábilmente la narrativa de la intervención extranjera, generando apoyo para su resistencia a lo que muchos en Brasil consideran una injusticia o incluso una intrusión de Trump en los asuntos internos del país.
Sin embargo, tras esta apariencia de intervención se esconde una dura realidad geopolítica. El verdadero problema se ha visto eclipsado por la presentación de los aranceles y las sanciones como un acto personal de solidaridad del presidente Trump hacia el ex presidente Jair Bolsonaro. La plataforma política de Trump es “Estados Unidos Primero”, y teniendo esto en cuenta, carece de sentido creer que impondrá impuestos a Brasil solo porque el expresidente brasileño esté siendo investigado por un intento de golpe de Estado.
En realidad, la esencia de las medidas impuestas por la Casa Blanca es una reacción a la decisión deliberada del presidente Lula de alinear a Brasil con China. “Alinear” podría ser un término inexacto para describir la decisión de Lula de priorizar los intereses de Beijing sobre los de su propio país. La participación del presidente brasileño en una misión deliberada para contrarrestar los intereses estadounidenses en el hemisferio occidental ha colocado a Brasil en el centro de una confrontación geopolítica que no le es propia.
Sin embargo, algunos podrían argumentar que mezclar las quejas de Bolsonaro con una disputa geopolítica más amplia ha generado confusión, pero la lógica subyacente sigue siendo clara: la política de Lula no se centra en el comercio, la justicia ni la soberanía; se trata de su ideología, heredada de los años de la Guerra Fría. Para Lula y muchos de sus asesores, la convergencia con los intereses de China está justificada, o incluso es obvia, porque el país asiático es el principal socio comercial de Brasil.
Este enfoque ignora un hecho clave: Brasil suministra casi una cuarta parte de las importaciones de alimentos de China, una posición de fuerza que no aprovecha. Pero en lugar de verse como un actor estratégico para la supervivencia del pueblo chino y, en consecuencia, para la estabilidad del régimen liderado por Xi Jinping, los brasileños creen que no pueden molestar a su cliente, arriesgándose a represalias y sanciones. Este argumento ha sido utilizado por muchos dirigentes brasileños, incluido el propio presidente, para justificar su apoyo a China en la reorganización del mundo.
Argentina, bajo la presidencia de Javier Milei, demuestra cómo los países latinoamericanos pueden mantener un comercio rentable con el régimen chino sin alineamiento ideológico, salvaguardando la soberanía nacional y garantizando beneficios para sus ciudadanos. Al igual que Brasil, China también es el principal socio comercial de Argentina. Sin embargo, Milei no ha convertido a su país en un agente de la influencia china en la disputa con Estados Unidos. Por el contrario, al vender más productos que nunca a China, Milei ha avanzado en el establecimiento de acuerdos comerciales que impulsarán el comercio con Estados Unidos.
El presidente de Brasil, por otro lado, ha priorizado la proximidad política con Beijing, en detrimento de una política exterior equilibrada y autónoma. La participación de su gobierno en las iniciativas diplomáticas y estratégicas de Beijing, sumada a un creciente alineamiento con Moscú y Teherán, envía un mensaje claro: bajo su administración, Brasil está cambiando su alineamiento tradicional a favor de potencias que no solo compiten con Estados Unidos, sino que también buscan su caída. Lula se ha posicionado como portavoz del desafío de los BRICS a Estados Unidos. Esta estrategia busca socavar el dominio del dólar en las transacciones internacionales, desafiando la arquitectura financiera global.
Si bien Brasil no se ha unido formalmente a la Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta de China, Lula ha comprometido millones de dólares de los contribuyentes para construir infraestructura regional que complemente las inversiones estratégicas de China. Un ejemplo notable es el apoyo de Brasil a corredores y estructuras financieras vinculadas al Puerto de Chancay en Perú. El eje central del plan chino para reconfigurar las rutas comerciales entre Sudamérica y Asia solo será viable con la participación masiva de los países sudamericanos.
En la reciente cumbre de los BRICS en Río de Janeiro, Lula propuso la creación de un sistema de cable submarino exclusivo de los BRICS para conectar a los miembros del bloque y garantizar su soberanía sobre la transmisión de datos. En nombre de los BRICS, Lula afirmó que el grupo busca esencialmente establecer un ecosistema en línea paralelo gobernado por países compuestos en gran medida por regímenes autoritarios y democracias disfuncionales.
La incursión de Lula en la órbita de China está transformando la relación entre Brasil y Estados Unidos. Las sanciones de la administración Trump no son solo una represalia económica. Son una advertencia geopolítica destinada a frenar un cambio que amenaza con desestabilizar el hemisferio occidental y refleja la creciente reticencia de Estados Unidos a tolerar la hostilidad geopolítica abierta de sus vecinos cercanos.
La reciente sanción estadounidense contra el juez de la Corte Suprema de Brasil, Alexandre de Moraes, en virtud de la Ley Global Magnitsky, ilustra aún más el cambio de postura de Washington hacia Brasil. La medida, justificada por presuntas violaciones de derechos humanos y abuso de poder, marca un paso sin precedentes en las relaciones entre Estados Unidos y Brasil. Más que una sanción legal, es una señal geopolítica de que las tendencias autoritarias, combinadas con una inclinación estratégica hacia China, Rusia e Irán, ya no serán ignoradas por Washington. En este contexto, las acciones de Brasil se consideran cada vez más no de forma aislada, sino como parte de una alineación global más amplia que desafía el orden internacional liberal.
La confusión de Lula entre las relaciones comerciales y la alineación ideológica corre el riesgo de aislar a Brasil, tanto económica como diplomáticamente, en un momento en que sus intereses nacionales exigen independencia y equilibrio. Lula se presenta como un nacionalista, esgrimiendo una potente narrativa populista para su beneficio interno. Pero a medida que los brasileños comienzan a sentir las consecuencias de la doctrina de “China Primero” de Lula —en una diplomacia tensa, aislamiento estratégico y vulnerabilidad económica—, también podrían darse cuenta de que Estados Unidos ha trazado una línea. La pregunta es: ¿sabe Brasil de qué lado está?
Leonardo Coutinho es el director ejecutivo del Centro para una Sociedad Libre y Segura.
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A massive joint air campaign by the United States and Israel is dismantling Iran’s missile network in what officials and analysts describe as one of the most coordinated allied operations in modern warfare.
Secretary of War Pete Hegseth said the campaign is rapidly establishing dominance over Iranian skies.
«Starting last night and to be completed in a few days … the two most powerful air forces in the world will have complete control of Iranian skies,» Hegseth said Wednesday. «Uncontested airspace.»
«We will fly all day, all night … flying over Tehran, flying over Iran, flying over their capital… Iranian leaders are looking up and seeing only U.S. and Israeli air power every minute of every day until we decide it’s over.»
U.S. Central Command released footage showing strikes on Iranian mobile missile launchers. (@CENTCOM via X)
Israel Defense Forces spokesperson Brig. Gen. Effie Defrin told Fox News Digital in an exclusive interview Tuesday that «the cooperation between us and the American military is amazing. We have mutual planning and mutual executing for the plans in Iran and beyond.»
John Spencer, executive director of the Urban Warfare Institute, told Fox News Digital Israel effectively matched the U.S. military’s opening airpower surge.
«Israel matched the United States in the number of aircraft in the air,» Spencer said. «For Israel, that represents roughly 80% of its air force capability.»
He added that the level of coordination between Washington and Jerusalem represents a new model for allied warfare.
«This isn’t separate work,» Spencer said. «This is combined work. Integrated, synchronized operations combining powers.»
«In the past we’ve had coalitions of dozens of countries,» Spencer said. «But having a partner that is both willing and capable of bringing immense capabilities like this is very rare.»
Largest Israeli air operation in history
The Israeli campaign, known as Operation Roaring Lion, began with roughly 200 fighter jets launching the largest coordinated air operation in the history of the Israeli Air Force.
Within the first 24 hours of the campaign, Israeli fighter jets already had opened a corridor allowing sustained operations over Tehran, according to the Israeli military.
Israeli aircraft struck missile launch sites and air defense systems across western and central Iran in an opening wave targeting hundreds of sites simultaneously using intelligence gathered by Israel’s Intelligence Directorate and the CIA.
In the joint operation, Israeli aircraft dropped hundreds of munitions on approximately 500 targets, including missile launchers, command centers and air defense batteries.
The opening strike achieved a level of surprise rarely seen in modern warfare, according to Israeli intelligence chief Maj. Gen. Shlomi Binder.
«In 40 seconds, we eliminated more than 40 of the most important people in Iran,» Binder said, referring to senior regime and military officials, including Iran Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. «We are sending a clear message to our enemies — there is no place where we will not find them.»
IRAN’S SENIOR CLERICS ‘EXPOSED’ AFTER BUILDING STRIKE IN QOM, SUCCESSION CHOICE LOOMS
An Israeli fighter jet taking off to launched airstrikes against the Houthis in Yemen. (IDF)
Spencer said the strategy behind the opening strike represents a dramatic shift in modern warfare.
«What Israel did in this opening campaign just wasn’t imaginable in the history of war. It never happened,» he said. «To start off by cutting off the brain… usually you target the military first. Here they targeted the political and military leadership and had the ability to wipe them out in a matter of hours.»
Spencer, a veteran of the 2003 Iraq War, said the operation reflects advances in intelligence and strike capabilities.
«I was part of the invasion in 2003,» he said. «Something like this was unthinkable even 20 years ago.»
Massive strike campaign
An IDF spokesperson announced Wednesday what he described as a historic milestone: an Israeli Air Force F-35 fighter jet shot down an Iranian aircraft, marking the first time anywhere in the world that an F-35 has downed a manned aircraft and the first time in 40 years that an Israeli aircraft has shot down an enemy aircraft in combat.
Since the start of the operation, Israeli aircraft have carried out more than 1,600 sorties and deployed more than 5,000 munitions, according to figures released Wednesday.
The strikes have destroyed roughly 300 missile launchers and targeted more than 600 Iranian military infrastructure sites, according to the IDF.
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United States Air Force aircraft in a flyover to commemorate Israel’s 75th Independence Day in May, 2023. (IDF Press Office)
Destroying Iran’s missile threat
Israeli intelligence assessments before the operation indicated Iran was accelerating its ballistic missile production with plans to reach 8,000 missiles by 2027. At the start of the campaign, Israel estimated Iran possessed roughly 3,000 missiles.
The strikes already have prevented the production of at least 1,500 ballistic missiles while destroying hundreds already in Iran’s arsenal, according to the IDF.
Israeli officials say the missile program represented a direct threat not only to Israel but also to American forces and allies in the region.
«The possession of missiles by a regime that openly declares its intent to destroy the State of Israel constitutes an existential threat,» the IDF said.
A group of men inspects the ruins of a police station struck Monday amid the U.S.–Israeli military campaign in Tehran, Iran, Tuesday, March 3, 2026. (Vahid Salemi/AP Photo)
Casualties
Six U.S. service members have been killed, and several others injured, during Operation Epic Fury.
In Israel, 13 civilians had been killed as of Wednesday night and more than 1,000 injured in Iranian missile and drone attacks launched in response to the operation, according to Israeli emergency services. The United Arab Emirates has reported three deaths and 68 injuries since the war started
Precise casualty figures in Iran remain difficult to verify. Media reports say dozens of senior Iranian commanders were killed in the opening phase of the campaign, along with additional military personnel and civilians following strikes on military facilities and infrastructure.
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A firefighter attempts to extinguish a burning car at the site of a direct hit from an Iranian missile strike in Tel Aviv, Israel, Feb. 28, 2026. (Tomer Neuberg/AP Photo)
Fighting on multiple fronts
As the conflict expands beyond Iran, Israeli forces have struck more than 160 Hezbollah targets in southern Lebanon in recent days. To sustain the multifront campaign, Israel has mobilized approximately 110,000 reservists.
«Wars are contests of will,» Spencer said. «Iran’s strategy is to break the will of the United States and Israel to continue the operation. The question is whether they can endure the pressure long enough to make that happen.»
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Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem forcefully defended her department’s immigration enforcement policies Wednesday before Democratic lawmakers — part of a heated and contentious House Oversight Committee hearing that, at times, grew deeply personal.
The hearing is the second in back-to-back DHS oversight hearings centered on the agency’s actions on immigration enforcement and Noem’s leadership of the department, and comes as members of Congress remain deadlocked on how to proceed with fully funding the sprawling federal agency.
Here are the top moments from the action-packed hearing.
Dems home in on Lewandowski, ‘blankies,’ and luxury jets
Some Democrats on the panel zeroed in on the responsibilities Corey Lewandowski has assumed as a special adviser for the Department of Homeland Security. Rep. Sydney Kalmager-Dove, D-Calif., cited a Wall Street Journal report from last month, that said Trump allegedly rejected Lewandowski’s request to be Noem’s chief of staff «due to reports of a romantic relationship» between the two.
Both Noem and Lewandowski have denied reports of an affair.
Kalmager-Dove asked Noem, point-blank, about the nature of their relationship. «This person has no experience running anything close to the Department of Homeland Security, or even advising someone in your position,» Kalmager-Dove said, noting his role as a special government employee has extended a «well beyond the allowed 130-day» period.
U.S. Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem takes her seat as she arrives to testify during a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing. (AFP via Getty)
«He is unqualified, which has left my constituents and I wondering why he is your top official,» she added.
«So, Secretary Noem, at any time during your tenure as Director of Department of Homeland Security, have you had sexual relations with Corey Lewandowski?»
Noem turned to address House Judiciary Chairman Jim Jordan briefly before responding. «Mr. Chairman, I am shocked that we’re going down and peddling tabloid garbage in this committee today,» she said.
To Kalmager-Dove, she said: «Ma’am, one thing that I would tell you is that he is a special government employee who works for the White House. There are thousands of them in the federal government.»
Corey Lewandowski is seen before a House Intelligence Committee hearing. (Reuters/Jonathan Ernst)
Raskin says Noem is ‘flying too close to the sun’
The panel’s ranking Democrat, Rep. Jamie Raskin, D-Md., pressed Noem for details about Lewandowski’s role at DHS, though in the context of the question of DHS’s use of so-called «luxury jets.» Noem had defended use of the jets one day prior during Senate testimony, noting they were used for both executive travel and mass deportations.
Raskin said Wednesday that he had nearly been prepared to buy that story. «And then I heard about an airborne episode of entitlement, arrogance and contempt that I could hardly believe.»
«Apparently, when your special blanket — your blankie — was left on one of the government jets and not transported over the new one, your special government employee, Corey Lewandowski, chivalrous, stepped forward to fire the pilot, mid-air,» Raskin said.
«A 2003 Coast Guard Academy graduate and distinguished U.S. Coast Guard commanded … [who then] had to be rehired immediately because there was no one else who could fly the two of you on the rest of the journey back home,» Raskin said. «Secretary Noem, you’re flying high now, maybe even a little bit too close to the sun.»
The exchanges were markedly tense, largely due to the presence of Noem’s husband, who was sitting in the gallery for the duration of the hearing.
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DHS Secretary Kristi Noem testifies before the Senate Judiciary Committee. (Getty Images)
Swalwell, Noem showdown
Later in the hearing, Rep. Eric Swalwell, D-Calif., confronted Noem about the case of Miguel Lopez, a migrant who had been living illegally in the U.S. for some 30 years prior to his deportation last year. Lopez is married to a U.S. resident. «I went and saw Miguel in Mexico,» Swalwell told Noem. «He doesn’t have a job … and it’s hard for him to communicate» after being away from his home country for roughly three decades.
Noemi interjected: «Did he have a criminal record?»
Swalwell acknowledged that Lopez had pleaded guilty to a «lesser nonviolent charge» in 1995, but asked Noem to recognize «the pain» caused by the administration’s broader deportation policy.
«The pain?» Noem responded. «And I wish people would do things correctly. If they’re not in legal status in this country, they can return home. We will pay for them to return home.»
As for Miguel, she said, «I hope he got the $2,600 he could have» by choosing to self-deport.
Federal agents forcibly detain an anti-ICE protester outside the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement building on Oct. 12, 2025, in Portland, Oregon. (Mathieu Lewis-Rolland/Getty)
‘Worst of the Worst’
The sharpest exchange came when Rep. Steve Cohen, D-Tenn., pressed Noem on the Trump administration’s repeated pledge to target «the worst of the worst» offenders in its removal efforts.
«Tell me about the worst of the worst,» Cohen said.
Noem fired back: «The worst of the worst served. I think you’ve offended the families behind me today with that.»
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Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem, left, and White House border czar Tom Homan speak with reporters at the White House, Wednesday, Jan. 29, 2025, in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
Cohen responded that he did not intend to offend anyone and said it was wrong for Noem to suggest he had. But Noem doubled down, arguing that critics were downplaying the consequences of illegal immigration.
«I was commenting on the fact that the individuals aren’t violent offenders, and you keep talking about the fact that these individuals that are in this country illegally don’t harm families,» she said.
Cohen noted that undocumented immigrants are statistically «less likely» than people born in the U.S. to commit crimes.
Noem then gestured to family members seated behind her, invoking stories of children lost to fentanyl overdoses and fatal car crashes involving undocumented drivers.
«The vast majority of these people behind me lost their children due to drugs, overdoses from drugs that came over the southern border,» Noem said. «They died from their kids being hit, accidents on the roads that illegal drivers were driving.»
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Cohen acknowledged the tragedies but argued they did not address his broader point. «All that’s true and given it’s true,» he said. «But you say you’re only going after the worst of the worst, and you’re not.»
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