INTERNACIONAL
Trump’s peace through strength in 2025: where wars stopped and rivals came to the table

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Donald Trump entered 2025 pledging to end wars and reorient U.S. foreign policy around what he repeatedly described as «peace through strength.»
Throughout the year, Trump has cast his diplomacy as peace-focused, telling reporters, «We think we have a way of getting peace,» and publicly arguing that his record merited a Nobel Peace Prize. The U.S. State Department echoed that framing in its year-end summary of diplomatic efforts, highlighting initiatives it said aimed to «secure peace around the world.»
By the close of 2025, several conflicts saw impressive diplomatic progress, while others were still experiencing issues after years of hatred and violence.
‘IT TOOK 3,000 YEARS’: TRUMP HERALDS ‘GOLDEN AGE OF THE MIDDLE EAST’ IN SPEECHES TO ARAB LEADERS, ISRAEL
U.S. President Donald Trump holds the signed agreement of the first phase of the Gaza ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, Oct. 13, 2025. (Evelyn Hockstein/Reuters)
Gaza (Israel–Hamas)
The most consequential diplomatic development of the year came in early October, when the Trump administration helped broker a ceasefire framework between Israel and Hamas. The agreement halted large-scale fighting after months of intense combat and enabled the release of all remaining hostages from Hamas’ Oct. 7 attack on Israel, except for the body of Ron Gvili, which remains held captive by Hamas terrorists.
The administration later cited the ceasefire as a central element of its 2025 diplomatic record. While the truce largely held through the end of the year, core issues including Gaza’s long-term governance, demilitarization and enforcement mechanisms remained unresolved, as well as rebuilding the enclave after the massive destruction and displacement. U.S. officials continued working with regional partners on next steps as fighting paused, as Israel’s Netanyahu is expected to meet with President Trump next week for talks on Gaza and other issues.

US President Donald Trump (C), Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev (L) and Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan display the agreement they signed in the State Dining Room of the White House in Washington, D.C., on Aug. 8, 2025. (Photo by Andrew Caballero-Reynolds/AFP via Getty Images)
Armenia–Azerbaijan
In August, Trump hosted the leaders of Armenia and Azerbaijan at the White House for a U.S.-brokered peace declaration aimed at addressing decades of conflict tied to Nagorno-Karabakh. The agreement focused on transit routes, economic cooperation and regional connectivity and was promoted by the administration as a historic step.
While the historic declaration was signed, implementation and deeper reconciliation is still ongoing.

President Donald Trump (R) greets Russian President Vladimir Putin (L) as he arrives at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson on Aug. 15, 2025, in Anchorage, Alaska. (Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)
Ukraine–Russia war
Ukraine remained the most ambitious and elusive peace target of Trump’s 2025 agenda. The year opened with Trump insisting the war could be ended through direct U.S. engagement and leverage over both Kyiv and Moscow. Diplomacy intensified in August, when Trump hosted Russian President Vladimir Putin in Alaska, a summit framed by the White House as a test of whether personal diplomacy could unlock a settlement.
In parallel, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy was received at the White House, where Trump reiterated U.S. support for Ukraine while signaling that any peace would require difficult compromises. U.S. officials explored security guarantees and economic incentives, while avoiding public commitments on borders or NATO membership.
MOMENTUM BUILDS IN UKRAINE PEACE PUSH, BUT EXPERTS FEAR PUTIN WON’T BUDGE

Ukrainian servicemen of the 44th artillery brigade fire a 2s22 Bohdana self-propelled howitzer towards Russian positions at the frontline in the Zaporizhzhia region, Ukraine, Wednesday, Aug. 20, 2025. (Danylo Antoniuk/AP Photo)
By December, talks accelerated. Ukraine entered new rounds of U.S.-led negotiations, and Trump told reporters the sides were «getting close to something.» On Christmas Zelenskyy said talks with U.S. officials had produced a 20-point plan and accompanying documents that include security guarantees involving Ukraine, the United States and European partners. He acknowledged the framework was not flawless but described it as a tangible step forward. Zelenskyy is reportedly readying a visit to meet with President Trump, possibly as soon as Sunday.
Bloomberg reported that Russia views the 20-point plan agreed to between Ukraine and the U.S. as only a starting point. According to a person close to the Kremlin, Moscow intends to seek key changes, including additional restrictions on Ukraine’s military, arguing that the proposal lacks provisions important to Russia and leaves many questions unanswered.
VENEZUELAN DISSIDENT MACHADO CREDITS TRUMP FOR ADVANCING FREEDOM MOVEMENT, DEDICATES NOBEL TO HIM

President Donald Trump arrives for a signing ceremony with Rwanda’s President Paul Kagame and Democratic Republic of Congo President Felix-Antoine Tshisekedi at the Donald J. Trump Institute of Peace, Thursday, Dec. 4, 2025, in Washington. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)
Democratic Republic of Congo–Rwanda
In early December, Trump hosted the signing of the Washington Accords for Peace and Prosperity between the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda. The agreement reaffirmed commitments to end decades of conflict and expand economic cooperation through a regional integration framework.
By the end of the year, Reuters and the Associated Press reported that armed groups remained active in eastern Congo, underscoring the fragility of the accord, though both sides seemed to be invested in a long-term peace.

Indian army officers stand guard near Pahalgam in south Kashmir after assailants indiscriminately opened fire at tourists visiting Pahalgam, Indian-controlled Kashmir, Tuesday, April 22, 2025. (Dar Yasin/AP Photo)
India–Pakistan
After a terrorist attack in Kashmir and retaliatory strikes raised fears of escalation, U.S. officials engaged in emergency diplomacy. Trump announced a ceasefire between the two nuclear-armed rivals, with a potentially catastrophic escalation between the two nuclear powers avoided.

Thai Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul and Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet shake hands following the signing of a Cambodia-Thailand peace deal as U.S. President Donald Trump reacts at Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre on October 26, 2025, in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)
Cambodia–Thailand border dispute
On the sidelines of an ASEAN summit, Trump helped mediate a ceasefire between Cambodia and Thailand following months of border clashes.
Diplomatic efforts led by ASEAN and supported by external parties are ongoing, but fresh clashes and mutual recriminations between Thailand and Cambodia continue to challenge peace prospects and have led to large-scale displacement and civilian harm. Following the recent flare-ups, and with offers for mediation from Secretary of State Marco Rubio, a new ceasefire was agreed upon on Saturday to end weeks of fighting on the border.

B-2s carried out strike on Iranian nuclear sites in June. (U.S. Air Force photo by Bobbie Garcia/Maxar Technologies via AP)
Iran–Israel confrontation
Following U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities, the Trump administration focused on containing escalation and reinforcing deterrence. No diplomatic agreement followed, but the confrontation did not expand into a broader regional war by year’s end.
ISRAELI HOSTAGES FREED, IRAN HIT, CEASEFIRE HELD — 2025 SHATTERED IDEA THAT US WAS EXITING THE MIDDLE EAST
Recently Israel warned that Iran might use its ballistic missile drills as a cover for a surprise attack.

Armed men salute the governor of Sudan’s Red Sea State Mustafa Mahmud in Port Sudan in the war-torn country on July 24, 2024. Sudan has been gripped by war since April 2023, when fighting erupted between forces loyal to army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and the RSF led by his former deputy Mohamed Hamdan Daglo. The conflict in the country of 48 million has killed tens of thousands, displaced millions and triggered one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises. (AFP via Getty Images)
Sudan
Sudan remained one of the world’s deadliest conflicts. U.S. diplomacy has focused primarily on efforts to halt fighting and expand humanitarian access rather than brokering a comprehensive peace.
In December, Saudi Arabia and the United States presented Sudanese army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan with a three-point proposal aimed at ending the war, facilitating aid delivery and transferring power to civilians, according to Sudan Tribune.

Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro holds a ceremonial sword said to have belonged to independence hero Simon Bolivar, during a government-organized civic-military march in Caracas, Venezuela, Tuesday, Nov. 25, 2025. (Ariana Cubillos/AP Photo)
Venezuela
As the year closed, Venezuela emerged as the United States’ clearest point of direct confrontation. The administration framed its posture as an extension of its broader «peace through strength» doctrine, even as the risk of escalation lingered.
While the White House pursued de-escalation and negotiated arrangements elsewhere, its approach toward Nicolás Maduro relied almost entirely on pressure, not talks. Trump continued to cast Maduro as a criminal threat tied to drug trafficking, accusing him of rejecting the results of Venezuela’s last election and stealing the presidency.
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With no diplomatic channel open, the U.S. maintained sweeping sanctions and stepped up efforts against cartel networks linked to the regime. There was no peace process in sight, but some opposition figures and U.S. allies argued that sustained pressure could still force political change in 2026, and ultimately hasten the end of Maduro’s rule.
donald trump,europe,israel,hamas,africa,ukraine,russia,state department
INTERNACIONAL
De Fujimori a José Jerí: los presidentes de Perú investigados y expulsados del poder

1. Alberto Fujimori (1990-2000)
2. Alejandro Toledo (2001-2006)
3. Alan García (1985-1990 y 2006-2011)
4. Ollanta Humala (2011-2016)
5. Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (2016-2018)
6. Martín Vizcarra (2018-2020)
7. Pedro Castillo (2021-2022)
8. Dina Boluarte
9. José Jerí
INTERNACIONAL
US moves to expand missiles in Philippines, putting China within range

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The U.S. is preparing to expand the deployment of advanced missile systems in the northern Philippines, placing additional long-range strike capability within range of key Chinese military assets and reinforcing Washington’s effort to counter Beijing’s growing assertiveness across the Indo-Pacific.
U.S. and Philippine officials announced plans to increase deployments of «cutting-edge missile and unmanned systems» to the treaty ally, as both governments condemned what they described as China’s «illegal, coercive, aggressive and deceptive activities» in the South China Sea.
The move comes as confrontations between Chinese and Philippine vessels have intensified in disputed waters and as Beijing continues to pressure Taiwan, raising the stakes across the region’s most sensitive flashpoints.
It builds on the deployment of the U.S. Army’s Typhon missile system in northern Luzon, Philippines, a ground-based launcher capable of firing Tomahawk cruise missiles that can travel more than 1,000 miles.
TAIWAN UNVEILS $40B DEFENSE SPENDING PLAN TO COUNTER CHINA MILITARY THREAT OVER NEXT DECADE
The U.S. is preparing to expand the deployment of advanced missile systems in the northern Philippines. (Tim Kelly/Reuters)
Tomahawks can travel more than 1,000 miles — a range that, from northern Luzon, Philippines, places portions of southern China and major People’s Liberation Army (PLA) facilities within reach. The positioning also allows the U.S. and Philippine militaries to cover large swaths of the South China Sea and key maritime corridors connecting it to the broader Pacific.
The U.S. first deployed the Typhon system to Luzon, Philippines, in April 2024. An anti-ship missile launcher known as the Navy Marine Expeditionary Ship Interdiction System was deployed in 2025 to Batan Island in the northernmost Philippine province of Batanes.
That island faces the Bashi Channel, a strategic waterway just south of Taiwan that serves as a critical transit route for commercial shipping and military vessels moving between the South China Sea and the Western Pacific. Control of that channel would be vital in any potential Taiwan contingency.
BIPARTISAN HOUSE CHINA PANEL SLAMS BEIJING’S TAIWAN DRILLS AS ‘DELIBERATE ESCALATION’

U.S. and Philippine officials announced plans to increase deployments of «cutting-edge missile and unmanned systems» to the treaty ally, as both governments condemned what they described as China’s «illegal, coercive, aggressive and deceptive activities» in the South China Sea. (Eloisa Lopez/Reuters)
Beijing has urged Manila to withdraw the U.S. systems from its territory, but officials under President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. have rejected those demands.
«China has consistently stated its firm opposition to the United States’ deployment of advanced weapons systems in the Philippines. The introduction of strategic and offensive weapons that heighten regional tensions, fuel geopolitical confrontation, and risk triggering an arms race is extremely dangerous. Such actions are irresponsible to the people of the Philippines, to Southeast Asian nations, and to regional security as a whole,» Chinese embassy spokesperson Liu Pengyu told Fox News Digital. «The United States is not a party to disputes in the South China Sea and has no standing to intervene in maritime issues between China and the Philippines.»
«The Taiwan question lies at the very heart of China’s core interests. China’s determination to defend its national sovereignty, security, and territorial integrity is unwavering. Any provocation that crosses red lines on Taiwan will be met with resolute countermeasures, and any attempt to obstruct China’s reunification is doomed to fail,» Liu continued.
Neither side detailed how many additional systems would be sent or whether the deployments would be permanent, but Philippine Ambassador to Washington Jose Manuel Romualdez said U.S. and Filipino defense officials discussed deploying upgraded missile launchers that Manila may eventually seek to purchase.
«It’s a kind of system that’s really very sophisticated and will be deployed here in the hope that, down the road, we will be able to get our own,» Romualdez told The Associated Press.
Romualdez stressed that the deployments are intended as a deterrent.
CHINA WARNS OF RISING WAR RISK AFTER HISTORIC US ARMS SALE TO TAIWAN
«It’s purely for deterrence,» he said. «Every time the Chinese show any kind of aggression, it only strengthens our resolve to have these types.»
China repeatedly has objected to the missile deployments, warning they threaten regional stability and accusing Washington of trying to contain its rise.
In a joint statement following annual bilateral talks in Manila, the U.S. and the Philippines underscored their support for freedom of navigation and unimpeded commerce in the South China Sea — a vital global trade artery through which trillions of dollars in goods pass each year.

Members of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Navy march during the rehearsal ahead of a military parade to mark the 80th anniversary of the end of World War Two, in Beijing, Sept. 3, 2025. (Maxim Shemetov/Reuters)
«Both sides condemned China’s illegal, coercive, aggressive and deceptive activities in the South China Sea, recognizing their adverse effects on regional peace and stability and the economies of the Indo-Pacific and beyond,» the statement said.
China claims virtually the entire South China Sea despite an international tribunal ruling in 2016 that invalidated many of its sweeping claims. In recent years, Chinese coast guard and maritime militia vessels have clashed repeatedly with Philippine ships near disputed shoals, including Second Thomas Shoal.
HIGH STAKES ON THE HIGH SEAS AS US, CHINA TEST LIMITS OF MILITARY POWER
The expanded missile deployments also come as the Pentagon balances rising tensions in multiple theaters. In recent weeks, the USS Abraham Lincoln carrier strike group — which had been operating in the Indo-Pacific — was redirected toward the Middle East as the U.S. moved to bolster its posture amid escalating tensions with Iran.
The deployments also reflect a broader U.S. effort to strengthen its military posture along the so-called «first island chain» — a string of territories stretching from Japan through Taiwan and the Philippines that forms a natural barrier to Chinese naval expansion into the Pacific.
Washington has deepened defense cooperation with Manila under the Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement, expanding U.S. access to Philippine bases, including sites in northern Luzon close to Taiwan.
China in May released a national security white paper criticizing the deployment of an «intermediate-range missile system» in the region — widely viewed as a reference to the U.S. Typhon launcher in the Philippines. The document accused unnamed countries of reviving a «Cold War mentality» and forming military «small groups» that aggravate regional tensions.
For U.S. planners, dispersing mobile, land-based missile systems across allied territory complicates Beijing’s military calculus. Instead of relying solely on ships and aircraft, the U.S. can field ground-based systems that are harder to track and capable of holding Chinese naval and air assets at risk.
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For Beijing, however, such deployments reinforce its long-standing claim that the United States is encircling China militarily.
As tensions simmer in both the South China Sea and around Taiwan, the positioning of long-range U.S. missile systems on Philippine soil underscores how the strategic competition between Washington and Beijing is increasingly being defined by geography — and by which side can project credible deterrent power across it.
china,pacific,conflicts defense,defense
INTERNACIONAL
Por qué el arroz con huevo brinda los mismos beneficios que la carne roja en proteínas, según los expertos

La combinación de arroz con huevo, consumida a diario en numerosos hogares y comedores, se consolidó como una de las alternativas más eficientes y accesibles en términos nutricionales. Personas de diferentes edades y contextos la eligen por su practicidad, su bajo costo y su capacidad para aportar proteínas completas y energía sostenida. El interés por este plato creció especialmente entre quienes buscan una alimentación saludable y balanceada.
Tradicionalmente, el arroz con huevo fue visto como una solución ante la escasez o como un recurso rápido en la cocina. Sin embargo, los avances en la ciencia de los alimentos permitieron demostrar que esta mezcla supera a la carne roja en varios aspectos nutricionales. Deportistas, estudiantes y familias encuentran en este plato una fuente de proteínas, vitaminas y minerales esenciales para el funcionamiento del organismo.
Especialistas en nutrición y ciencia de los alimentos sostienen que el valor de esta combinación radica en la calidad de sus proteínas y en su aporte energético. Según investigaciones recientes citadas por O Globo, el arroz aporta energía rápida y fibra, mientras que el huevo completa el perfil de aminoácidos, logrando una proteína de alta calidad.
La combinación de arroz con huevo ofrece una proteína de alto valor biológico, comparable a la de la carne roja en términos de calidad y aprovechamiento por el organismo. Según la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO), mezclar cereales como el arroz con huevo permite obtener todos los aminoácidos esenciales en proporciones óptimas, lo que hace que esta alternativa cumpla la misma función estructural y reparadora que las proteínas animales más reconocidas.

Esta equivalencia proteica, sumada a su bajo costo y accesibilidad, convierte al arroz con huevo en una opción eficiente y saludable para quienes buscan cubrir sus necesidades nutricionales sin recurrir necesariamente a la carne roja.
De acuerdo con O Globo, la clave nutricional del arroz con huevo reside en el concepto de Valor Biológico (VB). El arroz carece de lisina, un aminoácido esencial, pero el huevo lo contiene en cantidad suficiente para complementar el cereal. Así, el organismo aprovecha mejor las proteínas, que se utilizan para reparar tejidos, producir hormonas y mantener la masa muscular.
Diversos estudios comparativos muestran que la eficiencia de la proteína formada por arroz y huevo iguala o supera la de la carne roja. Esta combinación también resulta más económica y accesible, lo que favorece su inclusión en la dieta diaria. Quienes practican actividades físicas intensas o deportes de resistencia eligen el arroz con huevo como aliado estratégico por su fácil digestión y sus beneficios de recuperación muscular.
Bruno Román, especialista en ciencia de los alimentos, explicó al portal Miyeilis Flores: “El arroz con huevo es como un juego de Lego: el huevo coloca las piezas que faltan al arroz para construir salud”. Según Román, la sinergia entre ambos alimentos representa un ejemplo de optimización nutricional sin necesidad de recurrir a suplementos.

El arroz con huevo puede optimizarse mediante técnicas sencillas en la cocina. Una de ellas es el choque térmico: cocinar el arroz con anticipación, dejarlo enfriar en la heladera y luego recalentar suavemente antes de consumirlo. Según recomendaciones de expertos en nutrición, este proceso genera almidón resistente, una fibra que se absorbe lentamente y favorece la microbiota intestinal.
En materia de seguridad alimentaria, se aconseja lavar el arroz varias veces hasta que el agua salga transparente y utilizar suficiente agua en la cocción para reducir la presencia de arsénico, mineral que el cereal absorbe del suelo. El consumo responsable y cuidadoso garantiza un plato seguro y saludable para todos los integrantes de la familia.
Para evitar picos de glucosa en sangre, la sugerencia es acompañar el arroz con huevo con una porción de vegetales verdes. Según especialistas en endocrinología citados por O Globo, la fibra de estos vegetales ralentiza la absorción del almidón y ayuda a mantener estables los niveles de azúcar. Esta recomendación resulta especialmente útil para personas con diabetes o que buscan controlar el peso corporal.

El equilibrio en las proporciones de arroz y huevo es fundamental para obtener el máximo beneficio nutricional. De acuerdo con los expertos, la relación ideal consiste en media taza de arroz por cada huevo. Este balance evita el exceso de carbohidratos y asegura un buen aporte proteico, necesario para la regeneración y el crecimiento de los tejidos.
La cocción del huevo también requiere atención. Evitar el calor excesivo que dora las bordes previene la degradación de proteínas y la oxidación de las grasas saludables de la yema. Así, el valor nutricional se mantiene intacto y el plato conserva su eficacia como fuente de energía y nutrientes.
El arroz con huevo admite múltiples variantes según los objetivos personales y las costumbres regionales. Algunas personas añaden verduras frescas, hierbas o especias para enriquecer el sabor y sumar nutrientes. Otras prefieren incorporar aceite de oliva o semillas para aumentar el contenido de ácidos grasos saludables, siempre cuidando la moderación y el equilibrio.

El arroz con huevo no solo destaca por su valor nutricional, sino también por su bajo costo y su versatilidad en la cocina. Esta preparación permite alimentar a grandes grupos familiares y se adapta tanto al desayuno como al almuerzo o la cena. Además, constituye una alternativa sostenible en comparación con las carnes rojas, cuyo impacto ambiental resulta considerablemente mayor.
El conocimiento y la difusión de los beneficios del arroz con huevo permiten tomar decisiones alimentarias más informadas. Incorporar esta combinación a la rutina diaria contribuye a la salud individual y colectiva. La simplicidad de los ingredientes y la facilidad de preparación convierten al arroz con huevo en una herramienta clave para una alimentación equilibrada.
Optimizar la preparación y acompañar el plato con vegetales asegura el máximo aprovechamiento de sus ventajas. El arroz con huevo confirma que la nutrición de calidad puede ser accesible, económica y deliciosa.
arroz con huevo
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