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A political prisoner in Belarus smuggles out account of beatings after writing on toilet paper

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TALLINN, Estonia (AP) — A political prisoner in Belarus has shed light on the country’s brutal prison system by smuggling out her story written on pieces of toilet paper.

Katsiaryna Novikava, 38, described being repeatedly beaten by security forces after she was detained in June 2023 wearing only a nightshirt. She became one of hundreds of political prisoners in the country of 9.5 million people ruled by authoritarian dictator Alexander Lukashenko.

MAN ACCUSED OF INSULTING LUKASHENKO ONLINE DIES IN BELARUS JAIL

«Everyone who was in the office beat me. They hit me on the head,» Novikava wrote, describing how she was assaulted during interrogation in several detention centers. Her account was published in independent Belarusian media.

Belarus was rocked by mass protests during Lukashenko’s controversial re-election in August 2020 for a sixth term, which the opposition and Western nations condemned as fraudulent. Since then, Belarusian authorities have detained more than 35,000 people, many of whom were tortured in custody, forced to flee the country and labeled «extremists» by authorities, according to the Belarusian human rights center Viasna.

A political prisoner in Belarus has shed light on the country’s brutal prison system by smuggling out her story written on pieces of toilet paper. (Photo by Maksim Konstantinov/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)

Novikava, who participated in opposition protests, was sentenced to six and a half years in prison in January. She was convicted for inciting hatred and interfering with the work of an Interior Ministry employee.

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Novikava’s health condition worsened after being beaten, and she said she is not getting the required medical attention.

«I fell from the upper bunk of my bed, and my head hit a wooden shelf,» Novikava wrote, adding that her injury was photographed but no treatment was given.

Although most political prisoners are kept in solitary confinement, Novikava said she was kept in the same cell as Marina Zolatava, editor-in-chief of the country’s largest independent online news outlet, Tut.by, who was sentenced to 12 years in prison.

«The letters almost never arrive. Even drawings were banned,» Novikava added.

Viasna said Novikava’s messages should be investigated by the U.N. Committee Against Torture.

«Novikava’s letter sheds light on the catastrophic situation for political prisoners in Belarusian prisons,» Viasna’s Pavel Sapelka told The Associated Press, adding that Belarusian authorities know that «systemic bullying, beatings, denial of medical care and information isolation amounts to the torture of political prisoners.»

Key Belarusian political figures including Viktar Babaryka, Maria Kolesnikova, Mikola Statkevich and Maxim Znak have been held in such conditions, and there has been no word from them for more than a year.

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There are currently 1,385 political prisoners in Belarus, including Nobel Peace Prize laureate Ales Bialiatski. At least six political prisoners have died behind bars, Viasna said.

Human rights advocates are documenting torture and illegal treatment of prisoners in Belarus with such regularity that the country is «rapidly turning into a black hole in Europe,» Sapelka said.

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El Salvador agrees to accept US deportees of any nationality following meeting with Rubio

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El Salvador’s President Nayib Bukele has offered for illegal immigrants – of any nationality – facing deportation in the U.S. to be booked in his country’s prison system in exchange for a fee.

This proposal comes after Secretary of State Marco Rubio met with Bukele at his lakeside country house outside San Salvador on Monday.

«We have offered the United States of America the opportunity to outsource part of its prison system,» Bukele wrote on X Monday night. «We are willing to take in only convicted criminals (including convicted U.S. citizens) into our mega-prison (CECOT) in exchange for a fee. The fee would be relatively low for the U.S. but significant for us, making our entire prison system sustainable.»

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Rubio said the Salvadoran president «has agreed to the most unprecedented, extraordinary, extraordinary migratory agreement anywhere in the world.»

RUBIO HEADS TO PANAMA, LATIN AMERICA TO PURSUE TRUMP’S ‘GOLDEN AGE’ AGENDA

Secretary of State Marco Rubio meets with El Salvador President Nayib Bukele at his residence at Lake Coatepeque on Monday, Feb. 3, 2025. (AP)

«We can send them, and he will put them in his jails,» Rubio told reporters, referring to illegal immigrants behind bars in U.S. prisons. «And, he’s also offered to do the same for dangerous criminals currently in custody and serving their sentences in the United States, even though they’re U.S. citizens or legal residents.»

While Bukele did extend the offer to include violent American criminals, it is highly unlikely that part of the offer would actually happen, since it is illegal to deport U.S. citizens. A U.S. official said the Trump administration has no plans to deport American citizens, but noted that Bukele’s offer was significant.

The proposal with El Salvador, known as a «safe third country» agreement, could potentially be an option for Venezuelan gang members convicted in the U.S. if Venezuela refuses to accept them, and Rubio said Bukele offered to accept detainees of any nationality.

Bukele also said he would take back all Salvadoran MS-13 gang members in the U.S. illegally, and promised to accept and incarcerate criminal illegal aliens from any country, especially those affiliated with Venezuela’s Tren de Aragua gang.

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Manuel Flores, the secretary general of the leftist opposition party Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, argued that the «safe third country» plan would paint the region as the U.S. government’s «backyard to dump the garbage.»

TRUMP ANNOUNCES VENEZUELA WILL TAKE CRIMINAL ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS BACK

U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio meets with El Salvador President Nayib Bukele

Secretary of State Marco Rubio meets with El Salvador President Nayib Bukele at his residence at Lake Coatepeque in El Salvador, Monday, Feb. 3, 2025. (AP)

Rubio was visiting El Salvador to push for more help in supporting President Donald Trump’s mass deportation plan. He arrived in San Salvador shortly after watching a U.S.-funded deportation flight carrying 43 illegal immigrants leave from Panama for Colombia.

The deportation flight had 32 men and 11 women detained by Panamanian authorities after illegally crossing the Darien Gap from Colombia. The State Department said the deportations send a message of deterrence.

«Mass migration is one of the great tragedies in the modern era,» Rubio said afterward. «It impacts countries throughout the world. We recognize that many of the people who seek mass migration are often victims and victimized along the way, and it’s not good for anyone.»

El Salvador's Foreign Minister Alexandra Hill Tinoco welcomes U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio

Rubio is nearly half way done with his Central America tour after Monday’s visit to El Salvador. (AP)

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Rubio’s trip comes during a sweeping freeze on U.S. foreign assistance and stop-work orders that have shut down taxpayer-funded programs targeting illegal immigration and crime in Central America. The State Department said that the secretary had approved waivers for certain critical programs in countries he is visiting.

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The secretary will continue to urge foreign leaders to do more to help the U.S. combat illegal immigration, including in his next stops in Costa Rica, Guatemala and the Dominican Republic, which are part of his five-nation Central American tour following the visits to Panama and El Salvador.

The Associated Press contributed to this report.


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