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Cuba, trastienda de un país en tinieblas y sin salida

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Cuba lleva años en un callejón sin salida. No es solo producto del absurdo bloqueo que mantiene EE.UU. sobre la isla. Lo reconoció el propio Raúl Castro en discursos en los que reprochó el uso de ese argumento para justificar el abandono del país. Y hasta Fidel, quien afirmó que el final de la Revolución no vendría de los “gusanos”, como llamaba con desprecio los anticastristas de Florida, sino de los propios cubanos en la isla.

La incapacidad del régimen para edificar una salida de crecimiento al estilo de China o Vietnam, los otros modelos de raíz comunista, se hizo evidente al desaprovechar la oportunidad que abrió el deshielo planteado por Barack Obama. Hubo ahí un formidable estímulo para generar una clase media activa y sumar inversiones, pero se trabó por las presiones de los burócratas del poder abrazados a sus privilegios.

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No se abrió la economía lo suficiente, como hicieron los ejemplos asiáticos. Después vino el derrumbe definitivo de ese intento en la primera presidencia de Donald Trump que destruyó los acuerdos de la era Obama y, luego, la pandemia de coronavirus que liquidó el negocio turístico de la isla.

Ese trasfondo se tornó aún más explosivo tras la victoria de Joe Biden en 2020. El castrismo, con Raúl todavía en el poder, buscó mejorar el perfil económico de la isla en la suposición de que el ex vicepresidente de Obama recuperaría aquellos lazos y estimularía un aluvión de inversiones.

Los ajustes arrancaron pero Biden no hizo nada por la isla. El régimen en enero de 2021 unificó las dos monedas cubanas, el Cuc y el peso, lo que produjo una súbita hiperinflación, que disparó la paridad con el dólar de 24 a 120 pesos, destruyó sueldos y agravó la pobreza. Desde entonces la economía se contrajo 12%.

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Una calle sin luz en La Habana durante el enorme apagón. EFE

Como consecuencia, un jubilado gana hoy unos 13 dólares, poco menos de lo que cuesta una maple de huevos. El salario promedio redondea 33 dólares, pero se requerirían 200 para la canasta familiar, que se debe adquirir en gran medida con divisas difíciles de conseguir. Un escenario que empeora ahora con la nueva gestión trumpista.

Están ahí las causas de las históricas manifestaciones de julio de 2021, en las cuales una enorme cantidad de cubanos reclamó contra el hambre y por la apertura democrática, que entendían con razón como la solución para sus calamidades.

Esa protesta fue reprimida con ferocidad por Miguel Díaz-Canel, el delfín muy precario de Raúl Castro, que envió a la cárcel a decenas de jóvenes solo por protestar y con ello el régimen destruyó los restos del valor simbólico que alguna vez pudo tener la Revolución.

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Los pasos siguientes son conocidos. Con la burocracia, al estilo de la dictadura venezolana, aún más agazapada en sus lugares de poder, se amplificó la dolarización del país lo que abrió un significativo mercado negro. Para peor Cuba importa el 80% de lo que consume pese a que cuenta con tierras muy buenas para la labranza.

La ausencia de inversiones y por lo tanto de emprendimientos, explica el desastre del sistema eléctrico, una oscuridad que es también alegoría del futuro de la isla. El efecto es un éxodo de niveles históricos por la pérdida de la esperanza entre la gente de lograr un cambio.

Las cifras oficiales muestran que la población se redujo a 10.055.968 en diciembre de 2023 desde 11.181.595 del mismo mes de 2021. Esa cifra fue peor en 2024, lo que significa que la población ya estaría por debajo de los 10 millones. Es difícil de comprobar porque el régimen evitó hacer el censo.

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Algunos especialistas como Juan Carlos Albizu-Campos, del Centro Cristiano de Reflexión y Diálogo en Cuba, sostiene que el número real de la población es menor ya a 9 millones, es decir que un cuarto de sus habitantes habría escapado ya del sueño roto cubano.

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Dozens dead, more than 100 injured in North Macedonia nightclub fire

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A fire broke out in a nightclub in North Macedonia early Sunday, killing 51 people and injuring more than 100 others, authorities said.

Pyrotechnic devices sparked the fire at around 2:35 a.m. during a concert by a local pop group at the Pulse nightclub in the town of Kocani, Interior Minister Panche Toshkovski told reporters.

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«Sparks caused fire … and fire spread through the discotheque,» he said, according to Reuters.

The injured were rushed to hospitals across the country. Many of the injured suffered severe burns, officials said.

MYRTLE BEACH WOMAN IGNITED SOUTH CAROLINA WILDFIRE THAT SCORCHED 2K ACRES, AUTHORITIES SAY

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A firefighter inspects a nightclub after a massive fire in the town of Kocani, North Macedonia, on Sunday. (AP Photo/Boris Grdanoski)

Health Minister Arben Taravari said 118 people were hospitalized.

«All our capabilities have been put to use, in a maximum effort to save as many lives as possible of the young people involved in this tragedy,» Taravari told reporters, adding that neighboring countries Albania, Bulgaria and Greece have offered help.

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Damaged roof of nightclub

The fire caused the roof of the single-story nightclub to partially collapse. (Reuters/Ognen Teofilovski)

The club was in an old building that was previously a carpet warehouse and has been running for several years, according to local media MKD.

‘EXTERMINATION’ SITE DISCOVERED IN MEXICO WITH CREMATION OVENS, HUMAN REMAINS

The blaze gutted the single-story building and caused the roof to partially collapse. Police cordoned off the area as teams gathered evidence from inside the building.

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Emergency responders outside nightclub during the day

Emergency responders gather outside a nightclub after a deadly fire in the town of Kocani, North Macedonia, on March 16, 2025. (Reuters/Ognen Teofilovski)

«This is a difficult and very sad day for Macedonia. The loss of so many young lives is irreparable, and the pain of the families, loved ones and friends is immeasurable,» Prime Minister Hristijan Mickoski wrote on X.

«The people and the government will do everything in their power to at least slightly alleviate their pain and help them in these most difficult moments,» he continued.

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Toshkovski said authorities would investigate the venue’s licensing and safety provisions, adding that the government had a «moral responsibility» to help prosecute anyone responsible. Police have arrested one man already, but he didn’t provide details on the person’s involvement.

The Associated Press contributed to this report.


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Buenas noticias sobre la salud del papa Francisco: le reducen la ventilación mecánica y recibe terapias para respirar sin asistencia

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Una buena noticia sobre el mejoramiento del estado de salud del papa Francisco fue dada anoche por los médicos que lo asisten en el hospital Gemelli. En un boletín médico, que será renovado el martes, dijeron que se confirman “los progresos evidenciados en la última semana”. Prosigue la oxigenoterapia a altos flujos, «reduciendo progresivamente la ventilación mecánica no invasiva en las horas nocturnas”.

Distintos especialistas han declarado a la prensa que el tema de la dependencia del oxígeno es crucial para saber la evolución de la enfermedad de Francisco, porque si su organismo necesita un nivel de oxígeno muy alto existe el peligro de una dependencia permanente en el futuro.

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Pero el equipo médico ha hecho saber que la oxigenación con las cánulas nasales durante el día continúan, pero no anunciaron que de noche se pasaba a a la ventilación mecánica nocturna con la máscara boca-nariz no invasiva para aumentar el oxígeno y facilitar el reposo. Esta opción no es más descontada y se evalúa en base a las condiciones del momento.

Por lo demás, Francisco prosigue la terapia antibiótica y la fisioterapia. En los próximos días efectuada una nueva TAC, la Tomografía Axial Computarizada que muestra un panorama detallado de los pulmones. Los médicos confirmaron esta semana que el Papa ya no está en estado crítico con riesgo de muerte, pero su situación sigue siendo “compleja”.

El Papa se mueve del lecho a sus otras actividades en el departamento del décimo piso, ayudándose si es necesario con un sillón de ruedas. Mañana y tarde asiste a los ejercicios espirituales de la Cuaresma de la Curia Romana, conectado con un video. Reza en la pequeña capilla del departamento pontificio en el décimo piso del Gemelli.

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Este fin de semana se están confirmando los progresos registrados en la última semana. Los médicos excluyen por ahora un regreso al Vaticano. Francisco “necesita aún la terapia médico hospitalaria”, se lee en los últimos boletines”.

También para el Angelus ha enviado, por quinta vez, un texto escrito.

El Papa manda señales claras que de que continúa al timón de la Iglesia. Ha decidido renovar la actividad del Sínodo con un programa que llega al 2028. El documento difundido por el cardenal Mario Grech con una carta enviada a todos los obispos del mundo, es el fruto de un trabajo llevado adelante desde hace meses.

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La popularidad del Papa ha crecido extraordinariamente en todo el mundo desde que comenzó hace un mes su calvario en el hospital Gemelli. El correo italiano informó que por día llegan más de 150 kilos de correspondencia enviada por los fieles acongojados con su enfermedad y que le envían augurios para que recupere su salud.

Ahora el Papa “está aprendiendo a respirar por si mismo”, practica una terapia respiratoria. Pero tiene sus pulmones castigados desde años, ha cumplido 88 años y en los últimos tiempos ha trabajado demasiado comprometiendo aún más su físico ya probado. Por eso su recuperación necesita un tiempo difícil de estimar.

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Freed Israeli hostage speaks for the first time about his 505 days of surviving Hamas hell

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EXCLUSIVE: After surviving nearly a year and a half deep underground, with barely enough air to breathe and no light, and sharing an 18-square-foot space with three other men, recently released hostage Tal Shoham shared with Fox News Digital his harrowing story of captivity at the hands of Hamas.

Shoham was forcibly taken from Kibbutz Be’eri on October 7, 2023. His wife and children, ages four and eight, were also kidnapped that day, but he didn’t know that when he was thrown into the trunk of a car and driven into Gaza by Hamas terrorists. He didn’t even know whether his family was alive; hoping to save them, he surrendered to the terrorists just before they set fire to the house where his family was hiding. 

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He would spend the eight-and-a-half months in an underground tunnel and another five months captive in five different houses deep inside Gaza, where his captors kept him shackled, starved him and deprived him of basic human comforts.

REMAINS OF SHIRI BIBAS, MOM OF TWO KILLED, ALLEGEDLY RETURNED TO ISRAEL FOLLOWING HAMAS’ BROKEN PROMISE

Tal Shoham sitting next to his wife, Adi, as he holds up a poster of his two friends, Evyatar David and Guy Gilboa-Dalal, who are still hostages in Gaza.  (Georges Schneider)

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But he gave himself a mission: He was determined not to lose his humanity. Even in moments when he feared that he was facing death, he tried to stay focused. «I am not a victim. Even if this ends, I will end it with my head high, looking death in the eyes. They won’t break me, and I will not surrender to self-pity. We are stronger than the other side,» he said.

It has been three weeks since he came home, and he is ready to speak. Kibbutz Be’eri is just nine kilometers — about five-and-a-half miles — from Gaza, but that short distance is practically an ocean between what he describes as two worlds. «Half-an-hour’s drive, two separate worlds,» he said. «The first — unbelievably surreal, cruel beyond reason. And just 30 minutes away [on this side of the border], a world of sanity, logic, dignity and compassion.»

He remembers every detail of his 505 days in captivity. Tal wants to tell his story for the sake of the two fellow captives who remain behind, starving, abused and at constant risk of death. «Just as someone emerges from a womb alive, I emerged from the tunnel I was held in and was born again,» he says. But the men he calls his «brothers,» Evyatar David and Guy Gilboa-Dalal, are still held underground. «I can’t sleep at night knowing they are still there,» he says.

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October 7, 2023

Hamas fighters release Israeli hostages

Israeli hostages Tal Shoham and Averu Mengistu are flanked by Palestinian Hamas terrorists as they stand on a stage during their release in Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip on Feb. 22.  (Omar Al-Qattaa/AFP via Getty Images)

Tal and his wife and children had come from the north of Israel to Kibbutz Be’eri to spend the Simchat Torah holiday with his wife’s parents and were in the home when the terror attack began. He said everyone entered the safe room, and as the sounds of gunfire drew closer, they tried to barricade themselves inside. But the terrorists pried open the window, and Tal feared they might toss in a grenade if the family did not surrender. On the same street, the terrorists set fire to every other home, burning the people inside alive.

«I went out and raised my hands,» he said. «A man with murder in his eyes led me onto the road and to a vehicle. I saw about 40 heavily armed terrorists. Some of them were filming me on their phones. I was in shock — there was an entire battalion of Hamas terrorists inside our kibbutz, bodies of people I knew who were murdered on the ground, and they are laughing, unafraid.»

HAMAS FREES THREE MORE HOSTAGES IN EXCHANGE FOR MORE THAN 300 PRISONERS AS PART OF CEASEFIRE DEAL WITH ISRAEL

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Tal Shoham

Former Israeli hostage Tal Shoham standing in the destroyed house of his in-laws on Kibbutz Be’eri. (Georges Schneider)

The terrorists threw him into the trunk of a car and drove him across the border, into Gaza. There, a crowd gathered. «Teenagers with sticks ran toward me, trying to beat me from all sides,» he says. Taking him from the car, his captors pointed a rifle at him, ready, he believed, to execute him, and tried to force him to kneel. «I said, ‘I can’t control whether you kill me or not,’ and I raised my hands — but I refused to kneel. ‘If you want to kill me, kill me, but you will not execute me like ISIS.’»

He was then paraded through the streets in what he described as a «victory march.» «They were shouting, ‘Soldier! Pig! Zionist!’ A mob gathered around, boys with wooden clubs trying to hit me. But I just waved and smiled. I didn’t show fear. ‘You’ve captured me, but you won’t see terror in my eyes.’»

34 Days of Isolation

He was first taken to the home of a family, where he was held, alone and always shackled, for 34 days. Though he was allowed to periodically shower, the captivity was otherwise severe.

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His food was strictly rationed. «For the first three days, I had pita bread. Then, they stopped giving me that,» he says. «Food supplies dwindled. Some days, I would receive three spoons of avocado and three dates, or half an orange from a tree in the yard.»

But the worst torment was not knowing whether his family was alive. «I am 40 years old. Never in my life have I experienced suffering like this. The isolation, being alone with relentless thoughts —that was worse than even extreme hunger.»

To endure, he made a heartbreaking decision. «I had to accept that my family was dead,» Tal says. «I sat on the floor and imagined myself at their funeral. I stood in front of a grave — one large for my wife, and two small for my children — and I eulogized each of them. I thanked them for the time we had. I told them to move on. I sobbed but didn’t let my captors see me cry. That was the hardest thing I’ve ever done — burying my family in my mind.»

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AFTER TRUMP THREAT, HAMAS REFUSES TO RELEASE MORE HOSTAGES WITHOUT PHASE 2 CEASEFIRE DEAL

Tal Shoham Kibbutz Beeri

Tal Shoham stands in the burned-out house of his in-laws in Kibbutz Be’eri.  (Georges Schneider)

505 Days In Hell

On the 34th day of his captivity, Evyatar David and Guy Gilboa-Dalal were brought to the home. The Hamas terrorists tortured them daily, hitting them, denying them food while eating in front of them. The hostages were allowed only about 300 calories a day — Shoham’s weight dropped from 174 pounds to 110 pounds when he was released — and speaking was forbidden. «We couldn’t move from our beds or talk. We whispered everything,» he said.

Then came some glimmer of hope. On the 50th day of his captivity, Tal received proof of life from his wife — a letter telling him she and the children had been held hostage but were being released. «I read it, my hands shaking,» he said. «The most important thing had happened — my family was safe. I didn’t need to be a father and husband protecting them anymore. Now, I could focus on my war, the one I knew how to fight, the one for survival.»

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Evyatar David

Evyatar David is still being held hostage in Gaza by Hamas terrorists.  (Courtesy: Bring Them Home Now)

The Tunnel

By June 2024, Tal, Guy and Evyatar were moved by an ambulance that Hamas used for discreetly transporting hostages, to an underground tunnel, where there already was another captive, Omer Wenkert. There were four mattresses on the floor and a hole in the ground for a toilet. The space was illuminated by a single, dim lightbulb. «It took me weeks to stop feeling like the walls were closing in, to adapt to the oxygen deprivation,» Tal says.

They were given just 300 milliliters of water a day — a little more than 10 ounces. They could use it to either drink or wash their hands. Rice was all they had to eat. Months passed. They were beaten, monitored by cameras, randomly deprived of food and sleep. The guards were Hamas tunnel diggers — digging every day, even as war raged above. «Hamas never stopped digging tunnels,» Tal Says. «Not for a single day.»

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The conditions were so bad that both he and Evyatar developed severe infections. But it would be months before a doctor would come to see them. «My leg turned blue, yellow, and purple with internal bleeding,» He recalls. «They gave us all blood thinners, fearing we might develop clots from prolonged immobility. Eventually, they realized the issue was malnutrition and provided us with vitamin supplements for seven days. It tasted like dog food, but it dramatically improved our condition.»

ISRAEL SAYS HAMAS SENT A TODDLER TO A MILITARY OUTPOST

Guy Gilboa-Dalal

Guy Gilboa-Dalal is still being held in Gaza by Hamas terrorists.   (Courtesy: Bring Them Home Now)

But the abuse continued. A new guard arrived, even more violent than the previous ones. «He made some of us kneel like dogs and beat us,» he says. «He would come in screaming that we were filthy Jews, hit us, and then 10 minutes later, he would smile and bring food.»

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Then, what seemed like a miracle. Tal and Omer were named as part of the hostage-release deal in February. When he was led outside after many months underground, still blindfolded, he felt moisture on his face. «Is it rain?» he asked. «No,» his captors responded, «’It is dew.’ And I realized, my name, Tal, is ‘dew’ in Hebrew. I felt the morning dew on my skin.»

There were humiliations to come before he was handed over to the Red Cross and returned to Israel: a procession on a stage in the heart of Rafah where he was forced to repeat Hamas propaganda.  But he said he didn’t care — he was going home. When he arrived in Israel, he was taken to the Re’im base, where his wife, Adi, and their two children, Nave and Yahel, were waiting for him. «It was a dream come true, yet it still felt like a dream,» Tal says. «It took a few days to fully grasp that it was real. It was hard to take in. The emotions flooded me, like I was floating above everything.»

And there was tragic news to absorb. Eleven members of Tal’s family were kidnapped or murdered on October 7. Adi’s father, Avshalom Haran, and two uncles, Lilach and Evyatar Kipnis, were killed. His mother-in-law, Shoshan Haran, was taken, along with two other relatives — Sharon Avigdori and her daughter, Noam Avigdori — who were later released in the first hostage deal. Two other relatives who had come from the United States to celebrate a birthday, 59-year-old Judith Raanan, and her 17-year-old daughter, Natalie, were also kidnapped from Kibbutz Nahal Oz.

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Tal Shoham reunites with family

Tal Shoham reunites with family, some of whom were also taken captive on Oct. 7. (IDF)

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And there was joy. During his captivity, four new babies were born into the family. «Among us, the Jewish hostages, there was purity,» he said. «There was dignity. The terrorists brought in whatever horrors they wanted, inflicted whatever cruelty and pain they could, imposed their inhumanity on us. But within our space, we preserved our inner cleanliness, our humanity between one another. And that was crucial to making it out unbroken.»       


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