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Guerra en Ucrania: Oleksandr Syrskyi, un general lleno de victorias es el nuevo jefe del ejército de Zelenski

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Oleksandr Syrskyi, el hombre que el presidente ucraniano Volodimir Zelenski nombró el jueves para dirigir las fuerzas armadas del país ha tenido un papel clave en algunas de las mayores victorias de Ucrania en su guerra con Rusia, incluida la conducción de la exitosa defensa de la capital en los primeros días de la invasión.

El general Oleksandr Syrskyi, que había sido comandante de las fuerzas terrestres de Ucrania, asume el puesto principal en un momento difícil. Ahora que la guerra está a punto de entrar en su tercer año, la moral está baja, el ejército se enfrenta a una escasez de municiones y personal y Kiev tiene dificultades para mantener el apoyo de Occidente.

La elección de Syrskyi como comandante en jefe no es una sorpresa, ya que pocos militares ucranianos tienen la experiencia y los conocimientos necesarios para ocupar el lugar de su popular predecesor, el general Valerii Zaluzhnyi. Los éxitos de Syrskyi en el campo de batalla le han valido el apoyo de sus soldados, que libran duras batallas desde hace dos años.

La defensa de Kiev

A Syrskyi, de 58 años, se le atribuye haber organizado inicialmente la defensa de Kiev en febrero de 2022, cuando muchos en Ucrania todavía rechazaban las advertencias occidentales de que un ataque ruso parecía inminente. Posteriormente recibió el premio Héroe de Ucrania, la condecoración más importante del país, por su papel en repeler el avance de Moscú sobre la capital.

Oleksandr Syrskyi, de 58 años. Foto: Bloomberg Oleksandr Syrskyi, de 58 años. Foto: Bloomberg

En septiembre de 2022, a Syrskyi se le atribuyó la organización de la contraofensiva en la región de Járkov, que fue la victoria ucraniana más significativa en la guerra y permitió a Kiev recuperar las ciudades de Kupiansk e Izium de manos de los rusos.

También dirigió la operación Bakhmut, que fue la más larga y sangrienta de la guerra y que ha sido criticada por las grandes pérdidas sufridas por las fuerzas ucranianas. Pero la táctica de inmovilizar a las fuerzas rusas en esa ciudad minera estratégicamente insignificante también agotó a las tropas y los recursos rusos, mermando su capacidad para lograr avances importantes en otros lugares.

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La guerra entra en la fase más difícil

En tanto los triunfos se convierten en desgaste en el frente, Syrskyi ha tenido que supervisar la fase más difícil de la guerra, que entrará en su tercer año a fines de este mes.

La escasez de municiones y personal fresco amenaza con debilitar las líneas ucranianas mientras los rusos prevén un avance. El principal objetivo de las fuerzas ucranianas este invierno ha sido mantener el territorio que controlan, mientras la muy necesaria ayuda militar estadounidense está retenida en el Congreso, lo que pone en peligro la planificación militar de Kiev.

Zelensky  junto a Oleksandr Syrskyi (izq.) Bajmut. Foto: AFPZelensky junto a Oleksandr Syrskyi (izq.) Bajmut. Foto: AFP

Syrskyi nació en 1965 en la Unión Soviética. Asistió a la Escuela Superior de Comando Militar de Moscú y sirvió en el Cuerpo de Artillería soviético. Los observadores dicen que su estilo combina el carácter jerárquico propio de la estrategia militar soviética con los principios de flexibilidad operativa de la OTAN.

Definido como un planificador obsesivo con una disciplina férrea, Syrskyi fue comandante de las operaciones terrestres en el este de Ucrania y desempeñó un papel importante en la guerra de 2014, cuando Rusia anexó Crimea.

Traducción: Elisa Carnelli



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INTERNACIONAL

Israel orders UNRWA to cease operations in country over terror ties: ‘miserably failed in its mandate’

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The Israeli government has ordered the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) to cease its operations in the country, effective today, Jan. 30, 2025. This decision follows years of mounting accusations against the agency, including claims of involvement with the terrorist group Hamas. 

The move marks the culmination of a long-standing effort by Israel to distance itself from the organization, which it accuses of undermining its national security.

The Israeli legislation, passed in October 2024, explicitly bans UNRWA from operating within Israel’s sovereign territory. The law also prohibits any communication or collaboration between Israeli officials and UNRWA representatives. Under the new rules, all UNRWA facilities in Jerusalem, including those in Maalot Dafna and Kafr Aqab, must be evacuated. The legislation also addresses accusations that UNRWA has allowed Hamas to infiltrate its ranks.

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ISRAEL TELLS UN IT’S SHUTTING DOWN ALL UNRWA OPERATIONS IN JERUSALEM: ‘ACUTE SECURITY RISKS’

A U.N. vehicle enters the UNRWA offices in Jerusalem on Apr 2, 2024. (Photo by Yoav Dudkevitch/TPS)

Israeli U.N. Ambassador Danny Danon defended the decision at the U.N. on Tuesday, stating, «It is intolerable for any sovereign state to facilitate the operations of an agency that threatens its national security.»

Danon said that the move was not politically motivated but was instead driven by years of alleged failures by UNRWA, including claims of complicity in terrorism. «This decision reflects the reality that UNRWA has miserably failed in its mandate, and it has failed the people who were supposed to benefit from its services,» Danon asserted.

UNRWA Commissioner-General Philippe Lazzarini has vehemently opposed Israel’s actions, calling the ban «disastrous.» 

Addressing the U.N. Security Council on Tuesday, Lazzarini claimed that the full implementation of the Israeli legislation would cripple humanitarian efforts in Gaza and the West Bank. «Since October 2023, we have delivered two-thirds of all food assistance, provided shelter to over a million displaced persons, and vaccinated a quarter of a million children against polio,» Lazzarini said. «We conduct around 17,000 medical consultations every day.»

«Nine days ago, the long-awaited ceasefire in Gaza began,» Lazzarini continued. «We are heartened by the return of Israeli hostages and imprisoned Palestinians to their families. We are encouraged by marked improvements in the flow of humanitarian aid and operating conditions. We hope that the ceasefire will hold and that the tremendous suffering in Gaza will subside. UNRWA is the largest UN presence in Gaza, with 13,000 personnel and 300 premises. The relentless assault on UNRWA is harming the lives and future of Palestinians,» Lazzarini warned.

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ISRAELI PARLIAMENT BANS UNRWA OVER TERRORISM TIES, FACES INTERNATIONAL BACKLASH

Hamas UNRWA

Photos released by the Israeli Defense Forces show three individuals that the Israeli military claims are Hamas terrorists inside an UNRWA compound in Rafah. (IDF)

The Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated on Wednesday, «Humanitarian aid doesn’t equal UNRWA, and UNRWA doesn’t equal humanitarian aid. UNRWA equals an organization infested with Hamas terror activity. This is why, beginning today, Israel will have no contact with UNRWA. Israel remains committed to facilitating humanitarian aid to Gaza in accordance with international law and the framework for the hostage release. In fact, Israel is facilitating the entry of even more humanitarian aid trucks into Gaza than agreed in the hostage release framework. There are multiple alternative organizations to UNRWA—including U.N. agencies, international NGOs, and foreign countries—that are already operating to facilitate humanitarian aid in Gaza, and their role will only increase.»

Israeli Member of Parliament Yulia Malinovsky, one of the authors of the legislation, expressed her support for the decision. 

«I watched the hypocrisy of many countries in the U.N. Security Council this week. Their representatives spoke about how UNRWA is an indispensable part of Gaza’s reconstruction and how it cannot operate without it. Well, no, UNRWA only brings suffering to the people of Gaza, and just like Hamas, it has brought destruction to Gaza,» she told Fox News Digital. 

Lazzarini speaking

Philippe Lazzarini, commissioner-general of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, holds a press conference in Jerusalem on Oct. 27, 2023. (Mostafa Alkharouf/Anadolu via Getty Images)

«This organization is a terrorist organization that has killed, raped, and kidnapped innocent civilians,» she said, referring to accusations that UNRWA employees participated in the Oct. 7 massacre, and held hostages in their homes.

The move follows the Trump administration’s decision to look into halting some foreign aid to various groups. Congress paused funding to UNRWA last year following allegations that UNRWA employees were involved in the Oct 7. massacre.  

The U.N. and international community now face the challenge of filling the void left by the agency’s departure, while Israel has made it clear that it will not back down in its fight against what it perceives as terrorism masquerading as aid but made clear it would be willing to work with other U.N. agencies.

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United Nations Assembly

Israeli Permanent Member to the United Nations Danny Danon speaks during a session of the Security Council at the New York City headquarters. (Israel United Nations mission)

Danon reiterated on Tuesday that, «Israel remains committed to its obligations under international law and we reaffirm our readiness to cooperate with other U.N. agencies that are not tainted by terror.»

Malinovsky, stated that international pressure to reverse Israel’s decision was unnecessary. «We are an independent and sovereign state, and we will not compromise on our national defense and interests. Today, UNRWA will end its operations in Israel, and all direct or indirect contact with it will cease.»


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