El tráfico ilícito de tabaco, alcohol, agroquímicos y electrónicos se ha afianzado en Centroamérica por una serie de fallas estructurales y regulatorias que persisten en la región, según un informe reciente de la Alianza Transnacional para Combatir el Comercio Ilícito (Tracit).

La presentación de la “Evaluación del desempeño de Centroamérica en el Índice de Comercio Ilícito” tuvo lugar en la Ciudad de Panamá, con la participación de representantes empresariales y expertos, según informó EFE. El estudio examina la situación de 158 economías en seis rubros distintos, entre ellos el entorno impositivo, la regulación, los controles gubernamentales, la corrupción y los sistemas para combatir el blanqueo de capitales.

El informe destaca que la falta de control aduanero en las zonas francas y la debilidad de los intermediarios en la cadena de suministros facilitan el flujo ilegal de una amplia gama de productos. Además, señala la existencia de una economía informal robusta, el uso indebido de zonas francas y una capacidad desigual de monitoreo estatal que favorecen la expansión del comercio ilícito en la región.

Según el índice de 2025, Costa Rica y Panamá encabezan la lista centroamericana con 51.2 y 49.6 puntos respectivamente. Les siguen El Salvador, Belice, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua, estos últimos con puntuaciones que reflejan una mayor vulnerabilidad.

Dentro de América Latina, Uruguay se distingue como el país mejor ubicado. El promedio global, de 49.9 puntos sobre 100, indica que la mayoría de los gobiernos en el mundo no está preparado para prevenir o mitigar el comercio ilícito.

El informe de Tracit sostiene que, aunque algunos países centroamericanos muestran avances, la región en su conjunto sigue enfrentando obstáculos significativos para controlar la circulación ilegal de productos, de acuerdo con lo reportado por EFE.

El documento menciona que la Zona Libre de Colón en Panamá y la de Corozal en Belice son focos críticos, ya que manejan altos volúmenes de reexportaciones con baja transparencia sobre los beneficiarios finales y un mínimo de inspección física de mercancías de alto riesgo, tales como cigarrillos y destilados.

La investigación advierte que estos factores, junto a la corrupción arraigada y la informalidad, permiten que el comercio ilícito de bienes como tabaco, bebidas alcohólicas, electrónicos, medicamentos y productos agrícolas falsificados o adulterados se mantenga activo y conectado a nivel regional.

Entre los productos más afectados por el comercio ilegal se encuentran los cigarrillos, las bebidas alcohólicas y los electrónicos, principalmente de origen asiático.

A esto se suman medicamentos falsificados —antibióticos, analgésicos, tratamientos contra la gripe y productos dermatológicos— y la circulación de plaguicidas, fertilizantes y semillas adulterados o robados. Este flujo ilícito representa un riesgo para la salud y la seguridad alimentaria.

Las redes de comercio ilegal aprovechan las brechas en el monitoreo de la cadena de suministro y la falta de inspecciones efectivas para mover mercancía a gran escala en toda la región.

El informe señala que los gobiernos centroamericanos reconocen cada vez más el comercio ilícito como un asunto prioritario y han comenzado a establecer medidas de control y salvaguardas. Tracit propone que las zonas francas sean declaradas formalmente bajo jurisdicción aduanera, con derechos plenos para inspeccionar y controlar almacenes y puntos de entrada o salida.

Según el documento, “los crecientes esfuerzos de Centroamérica por fortalecer la transparencia y la integridad de la cadena de suministro, junto con los avances continuos para abordar las limitaciones de capacidad institucional y alinear los marcos regulatorios con los tratados y normas internacionales, ofrecen una base sólida para aumentar la resiliencia frente al comercio ilícito en toda la región”.

Mientras la región avanza en la coordinación y actualización normativa, el informe de Tracit subraya la necesidad de profundizar en estos esfuerzos para enfrentar el comercio ilícito y proteger tanto la economía como la salud pública.

Scranton Mayor Paige Cognetti, a Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives in Pennsylvania’s 8th Congressional District, once proposed raising taxes to make room for a diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) officer.

A «DEI coordinator» was among eight new hires in the city’s 2023 proposed budget and would have set aside $25,500 for the position. To cover the costs of that opening and those of a police chief, a fire chief, a business administrator, a solicitor and a director of public works, the budget included a 3% property tax increase, estimated to generate $957,000 for the city.

The positions were estimated to cost $380,500. That budget was not adopted.

Cognetti’s proposed plan highlights her beliefs about diversity in government and the directness with which government should pursue representation among certain demographics as she looks to flip one of the country’s most competitive districts and unseat incumbent Rep. Rob Bresnahan, R-Pa.

RED STATE SENATOR DROPS HAMMER ON DEM MAYOR OVER NEW ‘WOKE’ DEI ORDINANCE WHILE VIOLENT CRIME SURGES

In the past, Cognetti has highlighted her purposeful pursuit of diversity in government.

«We’re not doing this for the publicity. We’re doing this quietly so that these conversations just become the norm,» Cognetti said in a podcast appearance.

When asked about the DEI proposals and the 2023 budget, the Cognetti campaign pointed out that Bresnahan’s company has received government assistance for being «women-owned,» support it says is in line with DEI policies.

«Rob Bresnahan’s own company identifies itself as disadvantaged and women-owned in order to get a leg up on securing federal contracts,» a Cognetti spokesperson said in a statement to Fox News Digital, referring to Kuharchik Construction Inc.

The company, which Bresnahan began leading as CEO in 2013, has received $162,000 in federal contracts since 2008, according to records.

MAMDANI COMPARISONS FOLLOW COLORADO DEMOCRAT INTO PIVOTAL HOUSE RACE AFTER PRIMARY WIN

Rep. Rob Bresnahan, R-Pa., arrives for a House Republican Conference caucus meeting at the U.S. Capitol March 11, 2025. (Bill Clark/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images)

It has not received federal payments since 2017.

The campaign also said that many of Cognetti’s other acts as mayor directly helped bring the city’s costs down.

«Mayor Cognetti ran as an independent against a corrupt Democratic machine and reformed city hall. She saved taxpayers’ money by balancing the budget after years of mismanagement, turned down a government car and gas card, refused a pay raise and improved the city’s credit rating from junk bond status to an A- investment rating,» the Cognetti campaign continued. 

«Now, Paige is running to take on corrupt politicians in Washington like Rob Bresnahan, who has stock traded off of his votes and his access to insider information in Congress.»

Bresnahan is not under investigation for insider trading, a violation of House rules.

Despite her emphasis on cutting government spending, Cognetti’s framing of the 2023 budget and its DEI role reflects her belief that diversity should be an area where the government places more of its resources.

She explained her thinking in a 2023 podcast.

«I will say that we’ve had some setbacks. Last year, we put a DEI coordinator in our budget. My city council cut that position with zero fanfare. There was no public comment. And this is where I think that the positive advocacy is missing,» Cognetti said of her budget proposal.

«You know, you want to raise taxes 3%. ‘Well, it should be only 2%.’ OK, well, let’s have that conversation.»

In Cognetti’s view, her work on DEI has not clashed with Scranton’s interests, and she affirms that hiring the best candidates has naturally led to greater diversity in government roles.

MAYORS WANT TO KEEP HANDING OUT FREE CASH AFTER FEDERAL FUNDS DRIED UP

Traffic passes a sign on the highway in Scranton, Pa., April 15, 2024. (Charly Triballeau/AFP via Getty Images)

CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD THE FOX NEWS APP

«We’re not doing it by cherry-picking, but by merit, and, lo and behold, City Hall looks different,» Cognetti said.

«When you walk into City Hall today, there are far more people of color and far more women working there, I think, than you would have seen four years ago. And, again, it’s not because we have had some grand strategy beyond really just hiring the best people for the jobs and trying to make sure that our jobs are posted in places that people are looking, right?»

FIRST ON FOX: The Department of Homeland Security will withhold billions in preparedness grant funding from states that refuse to adopt new election-security measures, including voter citizenship verification, post-election audits and expanded use of paper ballots.

The push comes as President Donald Trump and many Republicans slam states that do not want to let the federal government audit their voter rolls, while also criticizing the snail’s-pace, widely criticized vote tabulations in places like California.

FEMA, a sub-agency of DHS, is making more than $1 billion in taxpayer funding available to states that want to participate in its Homeland Security Grant Program, but with a catch.

OBAMA-APPOINTED JUDGE BLOCKS TRUMP’S ELECTION ORDER AS SAVE AMERICA ACT FIGHT INTENSIFIES

To qualify for grants, states must submit plans to transition away from «unsecure electronic voting systems» that employ QR codes or barcodes instead of hand-marked paper ballots.

By doing so, the agency said, it provides a paper trail to quickly assess any alleged irregularities.

After each federal election, states seeking preparedness grants must conduct a manual audit of at least 5% of all ballots cast – with the agency arguing a manual, random review will confirm voting-machine tabulations’ synthesis with paper ballots and identify any «manipulation.»

States must also match the number of voters who participated in the election with the number of ballots cast and, within 120 days of any grant award, use the SAVE database — brought to the fore amid numerous illegal immigrant truckers getting in fatal crashes — to verify the citizenship of every listed voter in the state.

SAVE, the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements system, has been criticized by some Democratic governors for being insufficiently upkept – an assertion DHS has denied.

LEGAL WAR ON TRUMP’S AGENDA GAINS FIREPOWER AS FEDERAL LAWYERS DEFECT TO DEMOCRATS

DHS told Fox News Digital that threats to election systems continue to evolve and that Secretary Markwayne Mullin has made critical infrastructure protection a top priority, with a spokesperson suggesting elections fall within that critical infrastructure and remain susceptible to foreign attacks.

«Under President Trump’s leadership, we are taking decisive action to protect election systems from threats like foreign interference, insider threats, and cyberattacks,» the DHS spokesperson said. «These new requirements for homeland security grant recipients will preserve election integrity and ensure that Americans can trust the results.»

The new rules come as the Trump administration suffered a major loss in court while seeking to force the issue of election security.

An Obama-appointed federal judge in Pittsburgh sided with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania after the Justice Department sued more than 25 states seeking voter records that included Social Security numbers.

SIGN UP TO GET THE POLITICS NEWSLETTER

Voting booths are seen at Glass Elementary School’s polling station in Eagle Pass, Texas, on November 8, 2022 (MARK FELIX/AFP via Getty Images)

Judge Cathy Bissoon ruled the feds lack authority to demand «highly sensitive» state information – after Secretary of the Commonwealth Al Schmidt, a Philadelphia Republican appointed by Democratic Gov. Josh Shapiro, balked at a demand to turn over data last fall.

CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD THE FOX NEWS APP

Schmidt reportedly offered a redacted version of the state voter file without the sensitive data, telling the DOJ in his response that such «broad data» collection is a «concerning attempt to expand the federal government’s role in our country’s election process,» according to the Philadelphia Inquirer.

DHS’ new tact may or may not be tested in a similar fashion.