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«Hitler quiso exterminarme. Yo sobreviví, pero un millón y medio de chicos no»: el dramático recuerdo de una nena del Holocausto

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Irene Shashar tenía tres años cuando su madre la sacó del gueto de Varsovia por una alcantarilla en 1941 y la escondió durante años en el armario de unos amigos para salvarla de una muerte segura. A sus 86 años, su misión es contarle al mundo que ella venció a Hitler y asegurarse de que nunca se repita otro Holocausto.

Alegre y vivaz, Shashar habló con la agencia EFE desde el Parlamento Europeo, donde se realizó una sesión especial por el Día Internacional de Memoria de las Víctimas del Holocausto.

Lleva una brillante campera roja, sus anteojos de montura azul, un lazo amarillo para pedir el retorno de los rehenes en Gaza y un colgante con una chapa metálica que repite el mismo deseo en inglés: «Bring Them Home» (Tráiganlos de vuelta a casa).

-Ante el Parlamento habló de su culpabilidad como niña escondida. ¿Por qué?

-No entendía por qué se me castigaba. Los alemanes entraron a Varsovia en septiembre de 1939. Yo tenía 1 año y siete meses. Al año y medio me convertí en una niña escondida. ¿Qué pecados podía haber cometido para que se me meta en un hueco a oscuras y se me diga ‘no me llames y no te quejes’?

-¿Y cuál cree que es la respuesta?

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-Hoy en día sabemos que fue por el hecho de haber nacido judía. Hitler quiso exterminarme. Yo sobreviví, pero un millón y medio de niños no. A veces me pregunto, ¿será que he tomado el lugar de otra niña? Que si a mí me hubieran matado, ¿ella hubiera sobrevivido? Me lo pregunto no por la culpabilidad, sino más bien por la misión que tengo al haber sobrevivido.

Homenaje a los héroes del Gueto de Varsovia en el memorial de la capital polaca, en el Día Internacional en Memoria de las Víctimas del Holocausto. Foto: EFEHomenaje a los héroes del Gueto de Varsovia en el memorial de la capital polaca, en el Día Internacional en Memoria de las Víctimas del Holocausto. Foto: EFE

-Usted lleva décadas contando su historia. ¿Le ayuda a aliviar el peso del pasado?

-Cien por cien. Cada vez que hablo a estudiantes, a maestros o diplomáticos al principio me es difícil entrar en el tema, pero una vez que he entrado siento un alivio cuando termino. Es como si la mochila pesada que he llevado en mis hombros la descargase a la siguiente generación, con la esperanza que ellos puedan seguir el mensaje que yo trato de pasar, la advertencia de que nunca jamás en las generaciones venideras esto vuelva a tener lugar.

-También ha lanzado dentro del Parlamento una alerta sobre el ascenso del antisemitismo. ¿Ve un paralelismo entre lo que sintió de niña y las actitudes que se ven ahora?

-No hay comparación, porque el Holocausto fue una barbarie que duró seis años y fue multinacional. No se puede comparar, pero sí ha sido una masacre. Yo he hablado con otros sobrevivientes y para nosotros ha sido como una cosa viva, real, que te devuelve a la mente los recuerdos. El escondite, el alemán parado con el fusil, el alemán disparando, matando uno a uno y después sacando una botella de licor y tomándose unos tragos de alcohol para olvidarse lo que hizo. Aquí el ‘déjà vu’ se convirtió en el terrorista que llama a su padre y que le dice: «papá, papá, he matado a quince judíos».

«He hablado con otros sobrevivientes y para nosotros ha sido como una cosa viva, real, que te devuelve a la mente los recuerdos. El escondite, el alemán parado con el fusil, el alemán disparando, matando uno a uno y después sacando una botella de licor y tomándose unos tragos de alcohol para olvidarse lo que hizo»

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-Si tú te quemas una vez segunda vez te recuerda a la quemadura anterior. He visto las caras de esos terroristas en los vídeos. Se vienen recuerdos tristes, recuerdos dolorosos. Uno no puede comprender cómo un ser humano puede llegar a tal barbarie.

-¿Cómo ha vivido los cuatro últimos meses en su país, Israel, siendo consciente de ambas partes del conflicto?

-Muy duro, sobre todo muy duro porque tengo un nieto en el ejército (israelí). ¿Sabes lo que es para mi hija cada día que no sabe de él? Es un martirio. Nosotros no elegimos atacarlos, ellos nos atacaron. Yo entiendo que el pueblo de Gaza no es culpable de lo que ha pasado y lo que está pasando, pero el pueblo tiene su voz. Ellos debían levantar su voz sabiendo que estaban siendo dominados por Hamás, que Hamás construía túneles cuando ese dinero que se le mandaba debía ser para el florecimiento del país, para que sembraran y cosecharan. Que se escondan detrás de esa gente inocente me duele mucho. Me duele mucho lo que está pasando, pero es la única manera de que nunca jamás se vuelva a repetir.



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INTERNACIONAL

What does President-elect Trump’s win mean for US amid war between Israel, Hamas?

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JERUSALEM — President-elect Donald Trump’s victory Wednesday morning will likely lead to a new U.S. Middle East policy that will have a dramatic effect on Israel’s war against Iran-backed terrorist movements Hamas and Hezbollah, according to experts.

Fox News Digital reached out to leading U.S. and Israeli experts on the Middle East for their insights on the meaning of a second Trump term on the unfolding instability and wars in the region. The Iranian regime has aggressively backed Hamas and Hezbollah in their wars against the Jewish state for more than a year. Tehran has also launched two aerial drone and missile attacks on the Jewish state in 2024.

U.S.-Israel Mideast expert Caroline Glick, who served as an adviser to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, told Fox News Digital, «Trump’s policy of respecting the prerogatives of Israel’s democratically elected government will enable Prime Minister Netanyahu and his ministers to pursue their strategy of victory over Iran and its proxies to its successful conclusion. Israel does not seek direct U.S. involvement in the war. Rather, it hopes that the U.S. will provide it with diplomatic and other support to enable it to achieve victory against foes common to the U.S. and Israel.»

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Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and then-President Trump are shown during the signing ceremony of the Abraham Accords at the White House on Sept. 15, 2020. (Alex Wong/Getty Images)

Glick added, «The Trump doctrine of minimizing U.S. involvement in the Middle East is predicated on supporting America’s allies, first and foremost Israel, in their bid to defeat their enemies, who are also America’s enemies. Trump support for an Israeli victory will enable the president to preside over a post-war period of calm and unprecedented peace, which is only possible after an Israeli victory.»

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The Biden administration has faced criticism for its crackdown on Israel’s prosecution of the war against Hamas after the jihadi movement slaughtered nearly 1,200 people on Oct. 7, 2023, including more than 40 Americans. Biden reportedly withheld vital armaments at one point while Israel engaged in its existential war.

Glick has been a sharp critic of the Biden-Harris administration and said that «Iran continues to pursue nuclear weapons and to wage a seven-front war against Israel. The U.S. has protected Hamas’s regime in Gaza and Hezbollah’s control over Lebanon.»

Hamas fighters

Palestinian terrorists of the al-Qassam Brigades, the armed wing of the Hamas movement, take part in a military parade to mark the anniversary of the 2014 war with Israel on July 19, 2023, in Gaza. (MAHMUD HAMS/AFP via Getty Images)

Retired Israeli Brig. Gen. Amir Avivi, founder of the Israel Defense and Security Forum, told Fox News Digital that «President Trump’s win presents a huge opportunity for the Middle East to dismantle the Shiite axis [the Islamic Republic of Iran and Hezbollah in Lebanon] and restore security to the Middle East by signing peace agreements and creating a Western-Israel-Sunni alliance that will extend all the way to Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan and Oman.»

He added that peace and prosperity in the Middle East «requires dealing with the dangers of a nuclear Iran. Israel’s expectation is to see the U.S. leading a coalition that will deal militarily with the nuclear sites of Iran and possibly even bring down the regime and dismantle the Shiite axis that is endangering all the moderate states in the Middle East.»

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Members of the Basij paramilitary force are shown during a rally commemorating International Quds Day in downtown Tehran, Iran, on April 14, 2023.

Members of the Basij paramilitary force are shown during a rally commemorating International Quds Day in downtown Tehran, Iran, on April 14, 2023. (Morteza Nikoubazl/NurPhoto via Getty Images)

Avivi said Israel has set the stage by destroying Hamas and is on the verge of destroying Hezbollah. 

David Wurmser, a former senior adviser for nonproliferation and Middle East strategy for former Vice President Dick Cheney, told Fox News Digital, «The election of Trump will have a significant impact on Middle East policy. Iran and its proxies will feel profoundly threatened, but they will not give up. They cannot; it is a matter of regime survival for Iran.»

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«Any Israeli hope harbored by some in Israel that now the United States will pick up the ball and join Israel in fighting this war, especially Iran itself, is a false hope,» Wurmser said. «Trump will let Israel do what it needs to do and protect it without reservation or restraint to do that, but it will not do it for Israel.»

«Another area in which there will be considerable American input will be the formation of the Middle East peace structure that expands the Abraham Accords without pressing the Saudi or others to deal with the Palestinian issue,» he said.

An IDF tank rolls through the Netzarim Corridor in Gaza.

An IDF tank rolls through the Netzarim Corridor in Gaza. (IDF Spokesman’s Unit)

Trump’s signature first-term Middle East accomplishment was the Abraham Accords that established diplomatic relations between Israel and the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Morocco and Sudan. Mideast experts said that had Trump not lost to Biden in the 2020 election, he could have secured a grand diplomatic recognition agreement between Saudi Arabia and the Jewish state.

BIDEN-HARRIS ADMIN TREATMENT OF UKRAINE, ISRAEL WARS ‘DIFFERS SUBSTANTIALLY,’ EXPERTS SAY

According to Wurmser, «The incoming administration will represent a paradigm shift where a strong Israel and a weak, besieged and retreating Iran will advance a regional alliance that challenges Iran and China and abandons the two-state Palestinian obsession of the Washington establishment as the guiding principle of policy.»

The Islamist government of Turkey’s strongman, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, will also likely meet resistance from Trump. Erdoğan, who supports the U.S.-designated terrorist entity Hamas, in July threatened to invade Israel to protect Palestinians. Erdoğan also provides material support for Hamas terrorists who live in Turkey.

israeli air force

An aircraft from the Israeli Air Force (IDF)

Efrat Aviv, a professor in the Department of General History at Bar-Ilan University in Israel and a leading expert on Turkey, told Fox News Digital that «Trump’s pro-Israel stance clashes with Erdoğan’s support for Hamas, which Turkey sees as freedom fighters. Turkey’s alleged involvement in facilitating Hamas’s activities, including granting them passports and aiding money laundering, complicates relations further.»

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«Turkey found relief in Trump’s presidency, in contrast to Biden, who had criticized Erdoğan’s democratic backslide, notably excluding Turkey from the 2021 Summit for Democracy,» Aviv added. «Under Trump, American pastor Andrew Brunson was released from Turkish custody. However, despite Trump’s generally favorable stance, tensions persist. Trump imposed sanctions on Turkey five times during his tenure, and key issues, such as U.S. support for Kurdish groups and Turkey’s purchase of the Russian S-400 missile defense system, remain divisive.»

«Whether this marks the beginning of a new chapter or if tensions continue to overshadow their personal friendship remains to be seen,» noted Aviv.

There are skeptics who view Trump as shifting to a policy that will strong-arm Israel into a possible premature end to the war to root out Hamas terrorists from the Gaza Strip and eradicate Hezbollah terrorists and facilities on its northern border.

Abraham Accords signing

From left, Bahrain Foreign Affairs Minister Abdullatif bin Rashid Al Zayani, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, President Trump and United Arab Emirates Foreign Affairs Minister Abdullah bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan participate in the signing ceremony of the Abraham Accords on Sept. 15, 2020. (Alex Wong/Getty Images)

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Joel Rubin, a former deputy assistant secretary of state who served in the Obama administration, told Fox News Digital, «It’s an open question as to how a Trump 2.0 will operate in the Middle East. Unlike Trump 1.0, he has a much more isolationist VP in JD Vance, and he also at the same time told Netanyahu to finish up the war in Gaza. And while he has expressed an interest in a deal with Iran over its nuclear program, he has a history of taking aggressive actions against it, and his communications were targeted by the regime during his campaign, which may fuel distrust and suspicion.»

«But the fundamentals of his wanting to focus on domestic issues are what will likely drive his policy in the early days, while he works to avoid international entanglements,» Rubin added. «My bet is that if the Middle East flares into creating headaches for him, particularly through increasing wars, he will work to stamp them out while not having a very ambitious agenda towards resolving longstanding challenges between Israel and the Palestinians.»

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