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Economía débil y alta corrupción, el lastre que llevó a la derrota de Víktor Orbán en Hungría

¿Cómo sacarse de encima a Víktor Orbán? Ésa era la pregunta que gravitaba en la elección de este domingo, tanto dentro como fuera de Hungría. Pueden apilarse muchas explicaciones para explicar el sentido del voto. Pero al menos una idea asoma con nitidez: los húngaros advirtieron que la corrupción gubernamental y una economía débil están relacionados. Y que esa combinación, a la larga, siempre redunda en una corrosión de las libertades.
Desde su llegada al gobierno en 2010, Orbán inventó una fórmula para amarrarse al poder: fuertes cuotas nacionalistas para ganar la elección; cascoteo a los rivales usando las estructuras del Estado; desmantelamiento de instituciones independientes y acoso a la prensa. Eso es lo que ha convertido al húngaro en el paterfamilia global de la ultraderecha.
La traza de esa estrategia contó con la inestimable ayuda del partido oficialista Fidesz, cuyo control del Parlamento permitió alterar el sistema electoral en su favor, colocar a hombres dóciles al frente de agencias y empresas estatales, asegurar el clientelismo y garantizar grandes negocios para los amigos.
Pero luego de cuatro mandatos dictando las normas, Orbán no ha podido ahora convencer a los húngaros de que estarán mejor con él al comando. Su estrategia de presentar a Hungría como acosada por enemigos (la burocracia europea, las élites internacionales, los migrantes, los woke, Ucrania, los liberales y un largo etcétera) comenzó a cansar.
Mucho ha tenido que ver con ese hartazgo, según estudios de opinión a lo largo de la agitada campaña electoral, el fuerte grado de vulnerabilidad con el que Orbán ha dejado al país tras 16 años de mandato. Cuadran los números en esto, de modo categórico. El crecimiento se estancó y Hungría tiene indicadores que la ubican detrás de países cercanos como Eslovaquia, República Checa y Polonia, de acuerdo con datos de la UE y del Banco Mundial.
Por ejemplo, la economía apenas creció 0,4% en 2025, una cifra magra contra el 3,6% de Polonia y el 2,6% de la República Checa. Hungría es el país que más depende del gas ruso, por lo que fue uno de los más expuestos a la crisis de 2022 cuando Moscú invadió Ucrania. Budapest tuvo entonces la mayor inflación del bloque europeo. Los alimentos subieron 40% y la inflación fue del 22%.
El efecto fue la caída de los ingresos reales, el desplome del consumo y la desaceleración económica más aguda de la era Orbán. Para atenuarla, el Banco Central dispuso una tasa de interés del 6,25%, cuatro puntos más que la del Banco Central Europeo, lo que frenó inversiones y sofocó a las empresas. En Hungría no circula el euro, sino el florín.
Los húngaros sintieron el efecto del declive también en el aparato sanitario: según el Banco Mundial, el país invierte el 6,3% del PBI en salud, contra 8.06% de Polonia, 8,5% de República Checa y 7,4% de Eslovaquia.
De manera que, mirando la pujanza de países vecinos y comparándola con sus penurias, muchos húngaros parecen haber reparado con su voto en el dictamen de Transparencia Internacional que ubica a Hungría como la nación más corrupta del bloque europeo.
De acuerdo con el Corruption Research Centre de Budapest, en 2025 el 75% de los contratos gubernamentales fue a compañías asociadas a los amigos de Orbán, casi el doble que en 2022. Istvan Tiborcz, yerno del premier, y Lorinc Meszaros, un amigo de la infancia y el hombre más rico de Hungría, están entre los beneficiarios.
Todo este cuadro repercute además en la vital relación de Budapest con los cuantiosos fondos comunitarios que reparte la muy criticada Bruselas. Como sus auditores desconfían de que en Hungría se respete la ley y la independencia de las agencias de control, desde 2022 la UE congeló casi US$ 20.000 millones que debía enviar como ayuda post Covid. Para un Estado como Hungría, no es una bicoca: representa el 11% de su PBI.
Durante años, los conservadores europeos, con Angela Merkel a la cabeza, salvaron varias veces el cuello de Orbán. Requerían sus votos en el Parlamento Europeo frente al bloque de izquierda. Ya no lo necesitan. El alemán Manfred Weber, su presidente, fue descriptivo hace unos días: “Estamos hartos de Orban”, dijo. Según el voto de este domingo, los electores húngaros estuvieron muy de acuerdo.
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Planned Parenthood offered hormones but had no answers when detransitioner sought help, undercover probe finds

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FIRST ON FOX: Detransitioner Chloe Cole says Planned Parenthood clinics across multiple states had few answers when she sought help reversing the effects of a gender transition, according to a new undercover investigation obtained by Fox News Digital.
The investigation, conducted by pro-life advocacy group Live Action in partnership with Cole, involved calls to Planned Parenthood locations in Idaho, Alaska, New York and Washington, D.C., among other jurisdictions. In the calls, Cole posed as a patient seeking information about detransitioning after previously undergoing a gender transition.
Across multiple conversations reviewed by Fox News Digital, employees described services available for patients seeking gender-affirming care but did not identify detransition-specific programs, treatment pathways or clinical resources when asked about options for individuals seeking to reverse course after transition-related medical treatment.
In one call reviewed by Fox News Digital, Cole asked whether Planned Parenthood offered services for patients attempting to stop or reverse a transition.
UNDERCOVER INVESTIGATION: PLANNED PARENTHOOD PRESCRIBING HORMONES TO MINORS WITH MINIMAL OVERSIGHT
Chloe Cole says an undercover investigation found Planned Parenthood clinics offered few answers and no clear services when she sought help detransitioning. (Drew Angerer/Getty Images)
«We only have gender-affirming care services, like for hormones, but not to detransition,» a Planned Parenthood employee told Cole.
When Cole asked whether the organization offered help addressing fertility concerns or other effects associated with prior transition-related treatment, the employee responded: «As in right now, it’s a no, I don’t think we do that type of healthcare.»
The calls form the basis of a new campaign by Live Action urging lawmakers to continue restrictions on federal funding for Planned Parenthood, which the organization says has expanded its transgender-related healthcare services in recent years.
I WAS 15 AND TRUSTED THE ‘EXPERTS’ ON GENDER CARE. TURNS OUT, THEY WERE WINGING IT

A title sign sits outside a Planned Parenthood branch in Pasadena, Calif., on May 16, 2023. (Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP Photo)
For Cole, the issue is personal.
«My name is Chloe Cole. When I was 12 years old, I began the process of trying to change my gender from female to male,» she says in the investigation video.
«At age 15, I even had both of my breasts surgically removed. But I realized that what I was doing was actually harming my body. So at age 16, I began to detransition.»
Cole said she launched the investigation because she wanted to know what resources existed for patients seeking help after regretting a transition.
«I know firsthand the pain of being pushed down the path of transition,» Cole told Fox News Digital in a statement.
«In this investigation with Live Action, I wanted to see what Planned Parenthood would do when someone came back asking for help to detransition.»
‘LOSING THEIR HEALTH’: DETRANSITIONER SOUNDS ALARM ABOUT SEX-CHANGE SURGERIES NEGATIVELY IMPACTING CHILDREN

Protestors hold «Defund Planned Parenthood» signs outside the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington, D.C., on June 20, 2025. (Kayla Bartkowski/Getty Images)
«What I found was horrifying: Planned Parenthood was ready to help people start transitioning, but had no real answers, no meaningful support, and no services to help them reverse course,» she said.
During the calls, Cole raised concerns about fertility, the effects of cross-sex hormones, breast reconstruction and other questions related to detransitioning. According to the investigation, employees referred her to outside providers, said they were unfamiliar with detransition-related care or stated they were not aware of such services being offered through Planned Parenthood.
In one exchange, Cole told a Planned Parenthood employee, «I had surgery, I’ve been on the drugs, and I need help recovering the things I’ve lost,» while asking what resources might be available to patients seeking to detransition.
DETRANSITIONER TOUTS $2-MILLION LANDMARK MALPRACTICE RULING AS GOOD START, BUT ‘NOT NEARLY ENOUGH’

Chloe Cole, another well-known detransitioner, has also filed a medical malpractice lawsuit over her gender transition. (Fox News Digital)
The employee replied that Planned Parenthood could schedule an appointment with a provider but added, «I don’t think we do that type of healthcare.»
At another point during the call, a staff member said Planned Parenthood facilities typically see patients who are «getting started on gender-affirming care.»
The findings follow a separate undercover investigation reported by Fox News Digital in May that found some Planned Parenthood locations said minors as young as 16 could obtain cross-sex hormones through the organization’s informed-consent model with limited requirements for therapy or mental-health evaluations.
CHLOE COLE ACT AIMED AT BLOCKING MINORS FROM UNDERGOING LIFE-ALTERING TRANSGENDER SURGERIES, GOP LAWMAKER SAYS

Lila Rose, founder of the pro-life organization Live Action, expresses optimism for the pro-life movement despite recent legal setbacks. (Live Action)
At the time, Live Action released recordings from calls to Planned Parenthood facilities in multiple states in which employees allegedly said cross-sex hormones could be prescribed at an initial appointment.
The new investigation focuses instead on what support is available for individuals seeking to discontinue treatment or detransition.
Live Action founder and president Lila Rose said the calls revealed what she described as a one-sided system.
«Live Action’s undercover investigation with detransitioner Chloe Cole exposed Planned Parenthood’s one-way body destruction pipeline,» Rose said in a statement.
«Planned Parenthood is willing to prescribe cross-sex hormones and push vulnerable people further into dangerous so-called ‘gender-affirming care,’ but when someone comes back seeking help to detransition, Planned Parenthood has no answers, no support and no services to help reverse the damage.»
Planned Parenthood’s website states that many of its health centers provide gender-affirming care and lists services including hormone therapy, puberty blockers, surgery referrals and «transition support (social, legal).» The website does not specifically reference detransition-related services on its gender-affirming care page. Not all Planned Parenthood health centers offer the same services, according to the organization.
The organization is using the investigation as part of a broader effort urging Congress and the Trump administration to continue restricting federal funding for Planned Parenthood after current limitations expire.
According to Planned Parenthood’s most recent annual report, the organization received hundreds of millions of dollars in government reimbursements and grants while continuing to provide reproductive healthcare and other medical services nationwide.
Fox News Digital asked Planned Parenthood whether any of its health centers provide detransition-related services, referrals, counseling or medical support to patients seeking to discontinue or reverse prior gender-related medical treatment, and whether it disputes any findings contained in the investigation.
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Planned Parenthood did not immediately respond to Fox News Digital’s request for comment.
Fox News Digital’s Peter Pinedo contributed to this reporting.
surgery, health care senate, investigations, fox news investigates, womens health
INTERNACIONAL
Cuba prepara una mayor apertura de mercado bajo la fuerte presión de Trump: “Cambiar para salir de la crisis”

En momentos en que la Asamblea Nacional se dispone a aprobar un paquete de reformas orientadas hacia una mayor apertura de mercado, el presidente cubano Miguel Díaz-Canel dijo este jueves que la economía de la isla, afectada por una profunda crisis económica bajo presión de Washington, necesita “cambios urgentes”.
“Cuando la vida del pueblo se vuelve tan dura, el primer deber del Partido Comunista y del Gobierno revolucionario no es explicar mejor la crisis, sino cambiar lo que haya que cambiar para salir de ella”, dijo el jefe de Estado, también primer secretario del PCC.
Estas reformas, cuyos detalles aún no se conocen completamente, buscan abrir más sectores a la inversión privada, atraer más capital de los cubanos en el exterior, reducir el peso del Estado y otorgar mayor autonomía a las empresas públicas.
“La realidad nos impone cambios urgentes y necesarios”, declaró el jefe de Estado en un discurso transmitido por la televisión estatal y pronunciado el miércoles durante una sesión extraordinaria del Comité Central del Partido Comunista (PCC, único).
En forma paralela, el gobierno convocó a un grupo de expertos conformado por economistas habitualmente críticos del rumbo del país para asesorar sobre el plan.
El paquete de reformas
Durante esta sesión extraordinaria, la máxima instancia del partido aprobó un paquete de reformas hacia una mayor liberalización económica, cuyos lineamientos habían sido presentados por Díaz-Canel la semana pasada.
“Algunas no tendrán un consenso absoluto, pero son impostergables”, insistió este jueves el mandatario. Una mujer vestida con los colores de la bandera de Estados Unidos compra frutas a un vendedor ambulante en una calle de La Habana (Foto: EFE)
Estos anuncios de reformas se producen mientras el presidente estadounidense Donald Trump aplica una política de máxima presión sobre la isla, sometida desde hace casi cinco meses a un bloqueo petrolero.
Leé también: China refuerza su control financiero y limita las inversiones de sus ciudadanos en acciones estadounidenses
El influyente expresidente Raúl Castro, de 94 años, ya ha dado su apoyo a las reformas. La Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular se reúne de urgencia la tarde del jueves para aprobarlas.
“Decisiones inteligentes”
Díaz Canel, quien mencionó los ejemplos de China y Vietnam, abogó por una transformación económica “profunda y ágil, ejecutable en corto plazo”.
El viernes había señalado que el abanico de actividades abiertas al sector privado será “lo más amplio posible”.
Las empresas privadas, de hasta 100 empleados, están autorizadas en la isla comunista desde 2021. Unas 10.000 empresas ocupan un lugar creciente en el tejido económico cubano y emplean actualmente a un tercio de la población activa.
El bloqueo estadounidense ha llevado a la economía cubana, bajo embargo desde 1962, al borde del colapso, provocando cortes de electricidad generalizados, así como escasez de alimentos, combustible, agua potable y medicamentos.
Washington no oculta su deseo de ver un cambio de modelo económico, e incluso de régimen, en la isla situada a unos 150 kilómetros de las costas de Florida.
“Si toman decisiones inteligentes, tendremos una relación mucho mejor con esa isla”, reaccionó el vicepresidente estadounidense JD Vance, interrogado en la Casa Blanca sobre una posible intervención militar en Cuba tras la firma de un acuerdo entre Washington y Teherán.

Un montón de basura arde en La Habana, Cuba, el miércoles 17 de junio de 2026. (AP Foto/Jorge Luis Banos)
El presidente cubano llamó a “crear un entorno institucional y regulatorio” que incentive a empresas y trabajadores a producir bienes y ofrecer servicios de calidad y con eficiencia.
“Hay trabas que no vienen de afuera, ni del bloqueo (estadounidense). Hay lentitud, burocracia, normas que frenan al que quiere producir y decisiones que hemos postergado” por “error”, reconoció.
Quiénes son los expertos que asesoran al gobierno cubano
Uno de los expertos más reconocidos que asesoran al gobierno cubano es el economista Omar Everleny Pérez, exdirector del Centro de Estudios de la Economía Cubana y profesor de la Universidad de La Habana.
En una reciente entrevista con TN, dijo que Cuba necesita una reforma al estilo de Vietnam.
El país asiático mantuvo su modelo de partido comunista único, pero adoptó una economía de mercado con orientación social. Así, hace 30 años realizó privatizaciones agrícolas, apertura a la inversión extranjera y una integración al mundo globalizado.
Everleny Pérez ya impulsó como asesor una apertura económica a mediados de los 90, tras el derrumbe de la Unión Soviética, pero la mayoría de sus propuestas fueron rechazadas por el entonces presidente Fidel Castro. Otros asesores son los economistas Juan Triana y Julio Carranza.
Los tres expertos suelen expresar cuestionamientos al modelo económico cubano en ámbitos académicos y medios independientes.
Por el ámbito oficial, en el grupo participan dos diputados: el exministro de Economía y Planificación José Luis Rodríguez García y el presidente de la Asociación Nacional de Economistas y Contadores (ANEC), José Carlos del Toro Ríos.
(Con información de AFP)
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Iran hardliner behind US deal warns Tehran won’t honor agreement if Trump fails to deliver

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Iran’s hardline parliament speaker and key negotiator Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf warned that Tehran would not honor its commitments under a newly signed memorandum with the U.S. if Washington fails to uphold its side of the deal, according to the media arm of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
«If the United States does not honor its commitments, there is no way Iran will honor its own commitments,» Ghalibaf said, according to the outlet.
Ghalibaf’s warning was echoed Thursday by Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Quds Force commander Esmail Qaani, who threatened the U.S. in remarks translated by MEMRI TV, saying, «Americans should know their place and avoid confronting the Muslims.»
Qaani added that «Trump is trembling» and warned that the U.S. «should fear not only Hormuz and Bab al-Mandeb, but many other locations as well.»
MEET IRAN’S HARDLINE SPEAKER WHO THREATENED TO BURN US FORCES — REPORTEDLY TEHRAN’S POINT MAN FOR TALKS
The warnings came after President Donald Trump and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian Wednesday digitally signed a copy of the memorandum aimed at ending the war and resuming the flow of traffic through the Strait of Hormuz.
Iran’s hardline parliament speaker and key negotiator Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf warned that Tehran would not honor its commitments under a newly signed memorandum with the U.S. if Washington fails to uphold its side of the deal. (Majid Asgaripour/WANA)
The memorandum gives Iran major economic relief while leaving some of the most difficult nuclear questions for a final agreement to be negotiated throughout the next 60 days. Under the 14-point plan read by a senior U.S. official, Washington agreed to begin lifting its naval blockade, work with regional partners on a $300 billion reconstruction and development plan for Iran, and terminate U.S., U.N. and other sanctions on an agreed schedule as part of a final deal.
The memorandum also says all licenses, waivers and permissions needed for related financial transactions would be granted by the United States.
In return, Iran reaffirmed that it «shall not procure or develop nuclear weapons,» and the two sides agreed to resolve the fate of Iran’s stockpiled enriched material under a future mechanism, with the minimum method being on-site down-blending under International Atomic Energy Agency supervision.
The agreement defers many of the hardest questions — including how to wind down Iran’s nuclear program — until the 60-day negotiation period for a final deal.
But the Iranian figure at the center of the deal is not a diplomat known for moderation.
Ghalibaf, a former Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps commander and longtime regime insider, has threatened American forces, vowed Trump would «pay the price» and built his career through loyalty to Iran’s security establishment.
The new warning underscored what experts say is the central risk of the agreement: Washington may be entering a deal with officials who can enforce Iran’s commitments, but who have shown little sign of changing the regime’s long-term posture toward the U.S., Israel or the region.
Ghalibaf, 64, is a product of Iran’s security establishment. He rose through the ranks of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps during the Iran-Iraq War, eventually becoming commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps air force.
He later served as Iran’s national police chief, overseeing internal security forces responsible for suppressing protests, including the 1999 student uprising, alongside Qassem Soleimani.
After transitioning into politics, Ghalibaf attempted to run for president multiple times but failed. He instead built his career through loyalty to the system, serving as Tehran’s mayor for more than a decade before becoming speaker of parliament in 2020.
FAMILIES OF IRAN’S ELITE LIVE LAVISHLY ABROAD WHILE ORDINARY CITIZENS SUFFER AT HOME

Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad-Bagher Ghalibaf looks on as parliament members wearing military uniforms chant in support of the IRGC in Tehran, Iran, on Feb. 1, 2026. (Hamed Malekpour/Islamic consultative assembly news agency/WANA (West Asia News Agency)/Handout via Reuters)
«Ghalibaf doesn’t have an independent line. His strength is that he is a ‘yes man,’» Beni Sabti, an Iran expert at the Institute for National Security Studies, previously told Fox News Digital. «If he is told to shake hands with Special Envoy Steve Witkoff, he will do it. If he is told to escalate, he will. It is not about moderation, it is about who gives the orders.»
«His name has also been linked to multiple corruption allegations, including misuse of oil revenues and sanctions evasion networks involving his family. His sons have reportedly been involved and are under sanctions,» Sabti said, adding, «There have also been public scandals involving family members traveling abroad and making luxury purchases, including widely circulated images of them arriving with numerous high-end Gucci suitcases.»
Behnam Ben Taleblu, a senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, said the image of Ghalibaf at a signing ceremony with a senior U.S. official would be a propaganda victory for the regime.
«There was a time when the Islamic Republic would have been terrified to be seen signing such a thing,» Ben Taleblu told Fox News Digital. «Post-war, this is a sign of the regime’s opportunism, and no one identifies that opportunism better than someone like Ghalibaf, who comes from the IRGC, who is a corrupt politician and is a wheeler and dealer.»
But Taleblu warned that Washington should not confuse Ghalibaf’s opportunism with moderation.
«The mirage is the myth of Iranian military moderation and the myth that, with time, this regime will integrate and put aside all the things that have kept it on the sidelines for so long,» he said. «Transforming Iran via a deal — that is a huge lift.»
Ghalibaf’s wartime statements reflect the hardline posture inside Iran’s leadership. In remarks aired on Iranian television on Jan. 12 and translated by MEMRI, he warned that U.S. forces would face catastrophic consequences if they confronted Iran.
«Come, so you can see what catastrophe befalls American bases, ships and forces,» he said, adding that American troops would be «burned by the fire of Iran’s defenders.»
TRUMP ADMINISTRATION UNVEILS SWEEPING TERMS OF PROPOSED IRAN AGREEMENT

A man lights a cigarette with fire from a burning picture of Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf as Israelis rally in support of nationwide protests in Iran in Holon, Israel, on Jan. 14, 2026. (Ammar Awad/Reuters)
More recently, he warned that «the blood of American soldiers is the personal responsibility of Trump,» and vowed Iran would «settle accounts with the Americans and Israelis,» adding that «Trump and Netanyahu crossed our red lines and will pay the price.»
John Hannah, a senior fellow at the Jewish Institute for National Security of America and a former national security adviser to Vice President Dick Cheney, said Ghalibaf’s expected role reflects the reality of who holds power inside Iran.
«If you’re going to sign an agreement with Iran, those are the forces in charge and calling the shots, presumably with the approval of the new Supreme Leader,» Hannah told Fox News Digital. «If the U.S. harbors hope that Iran will ever implement any of their obligations under the MOU, these are the people — odious as they are — capable of making it happen.»
But Hannah said the central question is whether Iran’s leadership sees compliance as useful, or whether the agreement is simply a tactical pause.
«The big question is whether they see it in their interest to do so, or are they only buying time, rebuilding their power and preparing for the next round of conflict,» he said.
Ben Taleblu was even more blunt, warning that even a seemingly favorable agreement would not change the nature of the regime.
«Even if you’ve got the perfect deal, with this kind of regime, with this kind of mentality, they will escalate,» he said. «I thought we would have learned by now what the regime did after the JCPOA. It built a vast missile arsenal. It literally built an empire of terror proxies that took Israel years of blood, effort and money to dismantle, backed by American support.»
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Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf speaks during a press conference in Tehran, Iran, Nov. 27, 2024. (Majid Asgaripour/WANA (West Asia News Agency) via REUTERS)
«If we engage in pay-to-play with these guys,» he added, «I’m sorry to sound the alarm bell like this — but something tells me this is bad either way.»
Fox News Digital reached out to the White House for comment.
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