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El informe Guatemala: Nunca Más sentó bases para la justicia y recuperación social tras décadas de violencia en Guatemala

El informe Guatemala: Nunca Más, presentado el 24 de abril de 1998 en la Catedral Metropolitana de Guatemala, marcó un antes y un después en el proceso de verdad, memoria y reconciliación de la sociedad guatemalteca al documentar los crímenes masivos ocurridos durante el Conflicto Armado Interno (1960-1996).
El documento, resultado de tres años de trabajo bajo la conducción de Monseñor Juan José Gerardi Conedera y con el respaldo de la Oficina de Derechos Humanos del Arzobispado de Guatemala (ODHAG), recopiló más de 6,500 testimonios.
Estos relatos detallan el sufrimiento de la población y denuncian la responsabilidad mayoritaria de fuerzas estatales y patrullas paramilitares en las violaciones a los derechos humanos.
El Proyecto Interdiocesano de Recuperación de la Memoria Histórica (REMHI) constituyó un ejercicio pionero en la reconstrucción social tras un conflicto armado que dejó, según sus registros, alrededor de 65,000 víctimas entre asesinados y desaparecidos, de las cuales el 83 % pertenecía a pueblos indígenas y el 17 % a población ladina o mestiza.
Además, REMHI identificó 428 masacres, colaborando a la certificación y eventual exhumación de víctimas en comunidades especialmente afectadas.
La recopilación de información requirió un equipo central y la coordinación en once diócesis, con la participación de aproximadamente 600 animadores de la reconciliación capacitados para recoger testimonios en un entorno de miedo y silencio. Posteriormente, 950 promotores jurídicos extendieron la capacitación en derechos humanos por todo el país.
El informe, dividido en cuatro tomos, sistematizó una variedad de delitos, incluidos masacres, desapariciones forzadas, torturas y violencia sexual, presentando los datos de manera detallada y respaldada ante instancias nacionales e internacionales.
José Antonio Puac, uno de los coordinadores del proyecto, expresó en una entrevista concedida a Infobae Centroamérica: “la formación fue muy completa porque se trabajó también la tipología de la violación, de los delitos, y se hicieron ejercicios. Para mí fue lo central […] con esa calidad de formación que se dio, se pudo articular un trabajo a nivel nacional”.

El REMHI partió de la idea de que la violencia no solo causó muertes y desapariciones, sino que privó a los guatemaltecos de “su derecho a la palabra”.
Cada testimonio recogido representó, según los responsables del proyecto, una oportunidad para recuperar la dignidad y reconstruir la identidad colectiva.
El equipo enfrentó la dificultad de recoger la verdad en un tiempo limitado y bajo restricciones de los acuerdos iniciales, que impedían la identificación de responsables y el uso judicial de las conclusiones.
Los animadores de la reconciliación, principalmente líderes comunitarios, catequistas y laicos de confianza, recibieron capacitación especializada para abordar la recopilación desde una perspectiva pastoral y humana, evitando la estigmatización de las víctimas y priorizando la sanación colectiva.
Según Puac “La gente estaba con mucho miedo, había mucho silencio, nadie quería hablar. Creemos que la Iglesia pudo romper ese miedo, ese silencio. Y la gente, al dar su testimonio, tuvo la oportunidad de expresar su dolor, su sufrimiento, su tristeza”.
La organización de los relatos incluyó el diseño de herramientas metodológicas, desde la creación de cuestionarios hasta la clasificación y digitalización de las violaciones.
Se elaboró un tesauro y códigos temáticos que facilitaron el análisis de datos sobre masacres, violencia sexual, desplazamientos y violencia institucional.

Entre los resultados directos del REMHI se resalta su función como fundamento para la creación de equipos especializados en exhumaciones, acompañamiento psicosocial y transformación de conflictos. Puac relató que, en respuesta a las demandas de comunidades como San Martín Jilotepeque para localizar a desaparecidos y obtener certificados de defunción, el equipo coordinó la intervención de antropólogos y psicólogos, estableciendo una red de apoyo integral que cubría desde la identificación forense hasta la atención emocional.
La recopilación y divulgación pública de nombres, lugares y perpetradores, respaldada por testimonios y documentos, incluidos archivos desclasificados, permitió el uso parcial del informe en catorce procesos judiciales del Ministerio Público, lo que muestra que el trabajo de Monseñor Gerardi continúa influyendo en la justicia y la sociedad, décadas después de su asesinato.

El REMHI antecedió al trabajo oficial de la Comisión para el Esclarecimiento Histórico, que posteriormente amplió la documentación, confirmando los hallazgos iniciales de la investigación eclesial.
La Comisión recogió alrededor de 150,000 testimonios y contabilizó 668 comunidades masacradas, y utilizó parte del modelo metodológico desarrollado por REMHI.
El compromiso de la Iglesia católica, representado en Monseñor Gerardi, fue decisivo para dar voz a las comunidades indígenas, fuertemente impactadas por la violencia.
Las acciones de Gerardi, desde la promoción de una pastoral indígena nacional hasta la invitación a aprender los idiomas originarios para comprender mejor las necesidades sociales, marcaron una diferencia relevante en la atención e inclusión de los sectores más vulnerables.
La formación multidisciplinaria del equipo, apoyada por expertos y experiencias internacionales —como las comisiones de la verdad de Timor Oriental y la contribución directa de figuras como Eduardo Galeano— consolidó un método replicable en otros contextos de posguerra. Cada línea del informe Guatemala: Nunca Más sostiene la premisa de que la verdad y la escucha activa son bases para la reconstrucción social.
Desde el exterminio a la dignidad recuperada, y del secreto impuesto al testimonio público, la historia del REMHI clarificó el pasado y abrió un camino para la acción comunitaria, la exigencia de justicia y la preservación de la memoria frente al olvido.
Monseñor Gerardi,Guatemala,derechos humanos,justicia,Iglesia Católica,obispo,memoria,impunidad,conflicto,aniversario
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Trump owns the GOP. Could Republicans pay the price in the midterms?

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President Donald Trump took to social media on Wednesday morning to showcase the power of his political endorsements, touting that the candidates he backed went 37-0 in Tuesday’s GOP primaries from coast to coast.
«We won all races last night. Every one of them,» Trump told reporters.
The brute force of the president’s endorsement power and the immense grip he has on the Republican Party were on full display in a number of high-profile ballot-box showdowns, including Trump-backed Ed Gallrein ousting Rep. Thomas Massie in the GOP primary in Kentucky’s 4th Congressional District, a race that grabbed outsized national attention.
But Trump’s heavy hand in this year’s primaries could cause repercussions in the autumn, when Republicans will be defending their razor-thin House and slim Senate majorities in the midterm elections.
TRUMP-BACKED FORMER NAVY SEAL DEALS KNOCKS OUT MASSIE IN HIGH-STAKES SHOWDOWN
President Donald Trump talks to reporters before boarding Air Force One on May 20, 2026 at Joint Base Andrews, Maryland. Trump showcased the power of his political endorsements in answering reporter questions. (Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)
While those concerns will mount as the midterms creep closer, on Tuesday night the political headline was Trump once again successfully flexing his muscles to exert payback on Republicans who defied him.
Two weeks after purging five state senators in Indiana’s primary who had opposed his push for congressional redistricting, and three days after helping to oust Sen. Bill Cassidy of Louisiana — as the senator who, five and a half years ago, voted to convict Trump in his second impeachment trial lost his bid for renomination — Trump obliterated Massie.
Massie, who for 14 years has represented Kentucky’s 4th Congressional District, in the northeastern part of the red-leaning state, has long been one of Trump’s most vocal GOP critics in Congress. The libertarian-minded lawmaker has repeatedly taken aim at the president over foreign policy, including the Iran war and unconditional U.S. military aid to Israel. And he’s also been a thorn in Trump’s side for successfully pushing for the release of government files related to convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.
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Rep. Thomas Massie speaks to supporters at his primary night event in Hebron, Ky., on May 19, 2026. (Paul Steinhauser/Fox News)
Gallrein’s nearly ten-point victory over Massie in a race that was expected to be much closer represents a major win for Trump’s political operation and pro-Israel allied groups, who spent aggressively to unseat the sitting lawmaker.
Speaking at his victory celebration, Gallrein thanked Trump for his support, saying, «My focus is on advancing the president’s and the party’s agenda to put America first and Kentucky always.»
Taking to social media after Massie’s defeat, White House communications director and longtime Trump aide Steven Cheung warned, «Do not ever doubt President Trump and his political power. F–k around, find out.»
Veteran Republican strategist and communicator Ryan Williams told Fox News Digital, «The Republican Party is Trump’s party, and if you cross him, he’ll hit back at you ten times as hard and defeat you. He’s getting better at this as time goes on. His grip on the party has increased, not decreased.»
«Anybody at this point who doesn’t understand this will be out of a job if they cross the president,» Williams emphasized.
Meanwhile, Rep. Andy Barr of Kentucky, backed by Trump in recent days, cruised to the Republican Senate nomination in the race to succeed retiring Sen. Mitch McConnell, a former longtime Senate GOP leader.
And Sen. Tommy Tuberville, a top Trump ally in the Senate, easily captured the GOP gubernatorial nomination in solidly red Alabama.
But some Trump-backed candidates will have to wait a little longer before securing a ticket to the general election.
Republican Lt. Gov. Burt Jones of Georgia finished first in the GOP gubernatorial primary, but didn’t top 50%, forcing a runoff next month with billionaire businessman Rick Jackson.
It was the same story in Alabama, where Trump-backed Rep. Barry Moore finished first but will need another victory in next month’s runoff to secure the Republican Senate nomination in the race to succeed Tuberville.
And this past weekend, Trump-backed Rep. Julia Letlow was forced into a runoff with Louisiana Treasurer John Fleming as Cassidy was sent packing.

Sen. Bill Cassidy of Louisiana fist bumps a supporter during a campaign stop at a gun retailer and firing range in Baton Rouge on May 15, 2026, the eve of the state’s Senate primary. (Paul Steinhauser/Fox News)
Trump putting his hand on the scale in red states like Louisiana, Alabama and Kentucky shouldn’t be an issue in the general election, but it could be in battleground Georgia, and in red-leaning Texas, where Democrats are hoping to win a U.S. Senate election for the first time in nearly four decades.
Democrats feel Trump gave them an early Christmas gift by endorsing MAGA firebrand and ally and supporter Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton over longtime GOP Sen. John Cornyn with one week to go until the runoff election for the Republican nomination.
«Ken is a true MAGA Warrior who has ALWAYS delivered for Texas, and will continue to do so in the United States Senate,» Trump wrote in a social media post as he announced his backing of Paxton, which likely ends Cornyn’s hope of winning renomination.
The winner of the GOP runoff will face off in the autumn with rising Democratic Party star state Rep. James Talarico, who has built a massive war chest this year while Cornyn and Paxton have traded fire in their combustible race.
Senate Majority Leader John Thune, the National Republican Senatorial Committee and many GOP leaders in the nation’s capital saw Cornyn as the candidate better equipped to successfully defend the seat in Texas, which Democrats are trying to flip as they work to win back the chamber’s majority.

Sen. John Cornyn, R-Texas, speaks to the media on primary night in Austin, Texas, on March 3, 2026. (Jack Myer/AP)
That’s because Paxton has faced a slew of scandals and legal problems that have battered him over the past decade, as well as his ongoing messy divorce.
Some Republicans are concerned this could be a flashback to 2022, when then-former President Trump flexed his muscles in the GOP primaries, with some of his picks, including Georgia’s Herschel Walker, falling short in the midterms, as Republicans failed to win back the Senate.
«Trump got his way in most of the primaries in 2022 also. Didn’t portend great results in the general election,» vocal Trump critic and GOP consultant Sarah Longwell posted on social media Tuesday night.

Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton, a Republican candidate for the U.S. Senate, was endorsed by President Donald Trump on Tuesday. (Julio Cortez/AP Photo)
Williams said, «The president has shown that he puts personal loyalty over political considerations even when it puts a safe seat at risk.»
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And pointing to this year’s midterms, when the GOP as the party in power will face traditional headwinds as well as an extremely challenging political climate, Ryan said, «That’s the situation Republicans find themselves dealing with heading into what should be a challenging midterm election.»
midterm elections, donald trump, republicans, kentucky, georgia, alabama, texas
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Cuba-Estados Unidos: la historia del trágico derribo de los dos aviones de Hermanos al Rescate en 1996
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Mojtaba Khamenei using ‘bin Laden template’ to survive, learned from Abbottabad: analyst

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Iran’s Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei has spent nearly three months in hiding as tensions with the U.S. escalate — a disappearance that counterterrorism analysts say mirrors the final years of al Qaeda mastermind Osama bin Laden.
The comparison comes amid a critical standoff between Washington and Tehran that prompted President Donald Trump to pause a planned strike on May 19. On Wednesday, Trump told reporters he was in «no hurry.»
Khamenei, meanwhile, appeared to share three posts on his official X account on May 18 but remains out of public view.
«For the first time in the history of the Islamic Republic, the United States has done to Tehran what it spent two decades doing to al-Qaeda and ISIS,» counterterrorism expert Dr. Omar Mohammed told Fox News Digital.
THE MISSING MULLAH: IRAN’S ‘SUPREME LEADER’ A NO-SHOW FOR NEGOTIATIONS, THEN HID AS US POUNDED NUKE SITES
Iran’s Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei is shown in a portrait image. (Fox News)
«The U.S. has driven its leader into the same kind of operational invisibility that bin Laden lived in for 10 years in Abbottabad,» he added.
«Both Mojtaba Khamenei and bin Laden inherited their status on the back of an American operation, and both responded the same way: by ceasing to exist publicly,» Mohammed said before adding that bin Laden «stopped releasing dated videos around 2007 and confined himself to audio messages carried by hand.»
Bin Laden founded al-Qaeda in the late 1980s and masterminded the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks against the United States.
After the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan, bin Laden evaded capture for a decade by hiding inside a fortified compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan.
To avoid Western electronic surveillance, he severed his digital footprint and relied exclusively on a network of physical couriers, said Mohammed, an expert with the Antisemitism Research Initiative at George Washington University’s Program on Extremism.
U.S. intelligence eventually tracked one of those couriers to the compound, culminating in the 2011 Navy SEAL raid that killed the al Qaeda leader.
OPERATION EPIC FURY: HOW AMERICA’S AIR POWER IS CRUSHING IRAN’S TERROR REGIME

Portrait of former al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden. Bin Laden was killed in 2011 in a daring SEAL Team 6 raid in Pakistan. (Photo by Stephane Ruet/Sygma via Getty Images)
«Bin Laden survived with no cables out of the Abbottabad compound. Communications were carried by hand by two trusted couriers, the Kuwaiti brothers,» Mohammed said.
«Bin Laden stayed hidden for the rest of his life because the moment he surfaced was the moment he died. Mojtaba’s incentives point the same way. Mojtaba Khamenei won’t emerge,» he said.
«The Abbottabad lesson, which Tehran will have studied closely, is that the safest hiding place is not a cave in Tora Bora but a walled compound in a garrison town,» Mohammed added, recalling how U.S. forces targeted bin Laden in the cave complex before he escaped.
Bin Laden also lived roughly a mile from Pakistan’s top military academy, hiding in plain sight behind high concrete walls and barbed wire, Mohammed noted.
«The logical Iranian equivalents are hardened sites under or alongside IRGC facilities,» Mohammed added, referring to the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and possible locations where Khamenei could be.
As previously reported by Fox News Digital, one of Khamenei’s few recent communications was an X post declaring a «holy war,» framing the geopolitical clash as a mandatory religious obligation.
INSIDE IRAN’S RULING IDEOLOGY: HOW A ‘HOLY MISSION’ AND MESSIANIC DOCTRINE FUEL REGIME EXTREMISM

President Donald Trump said, «I got him before he got me» after Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and several top leaders were killed in an Israeli strike in Tehran during the U.S.-Israeli military offensive called Operation Epic Fury. (Majid Saeedi/Getty Images; Yuri Gripas/Abaca/Bloomberg via Getty Images)
«This is a religious leader calling for sacred war against America and the Jews from an undisclosed location because his enemies have publicly vowed to kill him on sight,» Mohammed said, describing the narrative as «the bin Laden template, almost line for line.»
Mohammed also suggested Khamenei’s retreat into the shadows marks a watershed moment for Washington and the future of the Iranian regime.
His predecessor and father, Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, was killed Feb. 28 in a targeted U.S.-Israeli airstrike in Tehran during Operation Epic Fury.
«This regime that for 47 years projected its power through a single visible Supreme Leader at the Friday prayer pulpit can no longer produce that figure on demand,» he said, calling it a «strategic milestone.»
«Predecessors killed by U.S. strikes and successors who cannot show their faces. Real power exercised by a security apparatus rather than by the nominal figurehead.»
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«Now one side is announcing operations on three continents through its president; the other is governed on paper by a man whose own population is uncertain where he is or what state he is in,» Mohammed said.
«The contrast is also about the optics of leadership during this war,» he added.
mojtaba khamenei, al qaeda terror, counter terrorism, war with iran, iran
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